hold against clincher clear conscience sanction cut throats fraudulent behavior thrive on fair play
────────────────────────────── hold against, …に悪感情を抱く ────────────────────────────── If you hold something against someone, you allow something that they did wrong in the past to influence you and cause you to deal harshly with them.
ex)He's a good friend of mine. He won't hold it against us.
────────────────────────────── clincher, 決め手、決定的要因 ────────────────────────────── A clincher is a fact or argument that finally proves something, settles a dispute, or helps someone achieve a victory. [INFORMAL]
ex) DNA fingerprinting has proved the clincher in many criminal and other forensic identifications.
────────────────────────────── clear conscience, やましいところのない心、精錬潔白 ────────────────────────────── Your conscience is the part of your mind that tells you whether what you are doing is right or wrong. If you have a guilty conscience, you feel guilty about something because you know it was wrong. If you have a clear conscience, you do not feel guilty because you know you have done nothing wrong.
ex) I have battled with my conscience over whether I should actually send this letter.
────────────────────────────── sanction, 是認する ────────────────────────────── = approve If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.
ex) He may now be ready to sanction the use of force.
If you describe a situation as cut-throat, you mean that the people or companies involved all want success and do not care if they harm each other in getting it.
"NHKラジオ ビジネス英会話 Ethics in Business (4) 6/25-26 2007"
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