E-Book

Getting Started with Blogging and Google AdSense

2008-12-13T07:51:00.000-08:00

Getting Started with Blogging and Google AdSense
By Joel Comm

There's a lot to be said for Google's Adsense advertising program. There the way they match the ads to the content of your website. That gives you maximum click without annoying your users. There's the flexibility of changing the way the ads look. That makes your ads attract attention without turning your site into a bilboard.

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TOEFL Preparing students for the Computer Based Test

2008-12-12T16:06:00.000-08:00

TOEFL Preparing students for the Computer Based Test

Educational Testing Service (ETS®) is a nonprofit organization committed to the development and administration of testing programs, and the creation of advisory and instructional services. In addition to developing tests, it supplies related services; for example, it scores the tests; records, stores, and reports test results; performs validity and other statistical studies; and undertakes program research.

The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL®) is designed to evaluate the English proficiency of people whose native language is not English. TOEFL scores are required for admissions purposes by more than 2,400 colleges and universities in the United States, Canada, and eighty other countries. Because the TOEFL test is independent of any curriculum or teaching method, the proficiency level of any test taker can be compared with that of any other student or group of students regardless of academic background or English training.

Since 1964, TOEFL test has been taken more than 11 million times in over 180 countries. In 1998 TOEFL began its switch to computer. Over the years, many institutions had asked ETS for additional proficiency information, including an estimate of candidates’ productive skills and ability to perform more cognitively challenging tasks. In redesigning the test for computer, the TOEFL program has taken an important first step in that direction. The test consists of four sections: Listening, Structure, Reading, and Writing. Two sections, Listening and Structure, are computer-adaptive, which means questions are tailored to examinees’ proficiency levels. Therefore, students will receive fewer questions that are too easy or too difficult in those sections and candidates’ ability can be estimated more accurately. While the Structure section features the same types of questions used in the paper-based TOEFL test, the Listening and Reading sections feature some new, innovative types of questions in addition to traditional multiple-choice questions.

The Writing section, which assesses the ability to compose a written response to an assigned essay topic, is now a required part of the test.

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Get to the Top on Google

2008-12-12T15:50:00.000-08:00

Get to the Top on Google

Tips and techniques to get your site to the top of the search engine rankings and stay there
by David Viney

Search engine optimization (or SEO for short) is the art of getting your website to the top of the search rankings. Why would you want to get to the top on Google? Well, here is my elevator pitch for why SEO (and this book) could be the best investment you ever make in your website
and your business:

Search engines are the way in which 90% of people locate the internet resources they need and Google has a 75% market share in Europe and North America. The Google brand is now rated as the most powerful in the world and, within three years, the company isexpected to be the largest advertiser (by revenue) in the world. My approach focuses on Google because it’s the most important, but includes tips on other search engines where relevant.
84% of searchers never make it past the bottom of page two of Google and 65% of people never click on paid (or “sponsored”) results. Being at the top of the nonpaid (or “organic”) search results is a make-or-break mission for the modern business in a world ever more dominated by the internet.
Around 15% of all sales in the British economy are now completed online, and price comparison service uSwitch predicts that internet sales will make up 40% of all purchases by the year 2020. The numbers are similar in all the developed countries of the word, including the United States.
In this book I share with you my seven-step approach to search engine optimization and website promotion. This proven methodology is the very same process I use with all my clients (large or small, ranging from Amazon and Microsoft to the smallest high-street store) and contains all the tips and tricks you need to achieve top rankings. The rest is down to you: your effort, vigilance, and determination.
Whether you have a new website or a long-established internet presence, there will be much in this book to challenge your thinking: not just how to promote your business but the very nature of your proposition online. The book is designed to be accessible for the beginner but comprehensive enough for the skilled marketer. You will be guided but not patronized.
Throughout the book I use a case study to illustrate the seven steps. This helps you check your understanding and more readily apply the techniques to your own business. I also throw in six months of free membership to my SEO Expert Forum, so you can ask me questions and get direct help if you are struggling.
I have set out to write the most complete and up-to-date guide to SEO on the market today. Unlike other, earlier books on the subject, this guide covers the emerging fields of Web 2.0 optimization, local search optimization, and the future of search itself (including emerging competitors to Google and alternative search models).

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Ebooks: Word-formation in English

2008-12-07T08:43:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Word-formation in English
by Ingo Plag

What this book is about and how it can be used The existence of words is usually taken for granted by the speakers of a language. To speak and understand a language means - among many other things - knowing the words of that language. The average speaker knows thousands of words, and new words enter our minds and our language on a daily basis. This book is about words.

More specifically, it deals with the internal structure of complex words, i.e. words that are composed of more than one meaningful element. Take, for example, the very word meaningful, which could be argued to consist of two elements, meaning and -ful, or even three, mean, -ing, and -ful. We will address the question of how such words are related to other words and how the language allows speakers to create new words. For example, meaningful seems to be clearly related to colorful, but perhaps less so to awful or plentiful. And, given that meaningful may be paraphrased as ‘having (a definite) meaning’, and colorful as ‘having (bright or many different) colors’, we could ask whether it is also possible to create the word coffeeful, meaning ‘having coffee’. Under the assumption that language is a rule-governed system, it should be possible to find meaningful answers to such questions.

This area of study is traditionally referred to as word-formation and the present book is mainly concerned with word-formation in one particular language, English. As a textbook for an undergraduate readership it presupposes very little or no prior knowledge of linguistics and introduces and explains linguistic terminology and theoretical apparatus as we go along.

The purpose of the book is to enable the students to engage in (and enjoy!) their own analyses of English (or other languages’) complex words. After having worked with the book, the reader should be familiar with the necessary and most recent methodological tools to obtain relevant data (introspection, electronic text collections, various types of dictionaries, basic psycholinguistic experiments, internet resources), should be able to systematically analyze their data and to relate their findings to theoretical problems and debates. The book is not written in the perspective of a particular theoretical framework and draws on insights from various research traditions.

Word-formation in English can be used as a textbook for a course on wordformation (or the word-formation parts of morphology courses), as a source-book for teachers, for student research projects, as a book for self-study by more advanced students (e.g. for their exam preparation), and as an up-to-date reference concerning selected word-formation processes in English for a more general readership.

For each chapter there are a number of basic and more advanced exercises, which are suitable for in-class work or as students’ homework. The more advanced exercises include proper research tasks, which also give the students the opportunity to use the different methodological tools introduced in the text. Students can control their learning success by comparing their results with the answer key provided at the end of the book. The answer key features two kinds of answers. Basic exercises always receive definite answers, while for the more advanced tasks sometimes no ‘correct’ answers are given. Instead, methodological problems and possible lines of
analysis are discussed. Each chapter is also followed by a list of recommended further readings.

Those who consult the book as a general reference on English word-formation may check author, subject and affix indices and the bibliography in order to quickly find what they need. Chapter 3 introduces most recent developments in research methodology, and short descriptions of individual affixes are located in chapter 4 As every reader knows, English is spoken by hundreds of millions speakers and there exist numerous varieties of English around the world.

The variety that has been taken as a reference for this book is General American English. The reason for this choice is purely practical, it is the variety the author knows best. With regard to most of the phenomena discussed in this book, different varieties of English pattern very much alike. However, especially concerning aspects of pronunciation there are sometimes remarkable, though perhaps minor, differences observable between different varieties. Mostly for reasons of space, but also due to the lack of pertinent studies, these differences will not be discussed here. However, I hope that the book will enable the readers to adapt and relate the findings presented with reference to American English to the variety of English they are most familiar with.

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Ebooks: Reading Comprehension Succes in 20 Minutes a day

2008-12-07T07:46:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Reading Comprehension Succes in 20 Minutes a day

This book is designed to help you improve your reading comprehension skills by studying 20 minutes a day for 20 days. You’ll start with the basics and move on to more complex reading comprehension and critical thinking strategies. Please note that although each chapter can be an effective skill builder on its own, it is important that you proceed through this book in order, from Lesson 1 through Lesson 20. Each lesson builds on skills and ideas discussed in the previous chapters. As you move through this book and your reading skills develop, the passages you read will increase both in length and in complexity.

The book begins with a pretest, which will allow you to see how well you can answer various kinds of reading comprehension questions now, as you begin. When you finish the book, take the posttest to see how much you’ve improved.

The text is divided into four sections, each focusing on a different group of related reading and thinking strategies.

These strategies will be outlined at the beginning of each section and then reviewed in a special “putting it all together” final lesson.

Each lesson provides several exercises that allow you to practice the skills you learn. To ensure you’re on the right track, each lesson also provides answers and explanations for all of the practice questions. Additionally, you will find practical suggestions in each chapter for how to continue practicing these skills in your daily life.

The most important thing you can do to improve your reading skills is to become an active reader. The following guidelines and suggestions outlined will familiarize you with active reading techniques.Use these techniques as much as possible as you work your way through the lessons in this book.

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Ebooks: NTC’s Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions

2008-12-06T20:57:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: NTC’s Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions

Third Edition
Richard A. Spears, Ph.D.

The third edition of this dictionary contains more than 800 new expressions.
These comprise the expressions that have appeared in the last few years including many new expressions used in everyday talk on the streets and the college campus. The “Phrase-Finder Index” has been completely revised to make finding the location of new phrasal entries in the dictionary easier. What do we expect of slang in the year 2000 and beyond? Much of the same: sex, scatology, rudeness, and clever wordplay.

This dictionary is a collection of slang and colloquial expressions in frequent use in the United States in the twentieth century. It contains expressions that are familiar to many Americans and other expressions that are used primarily within small groups of people. The entries represent the language of the underworld, the nursery, the college campus, California beaches, urban back streets, and Wall Street. We hear from prisoners, surfers, junkies, Valley Girls, blacks, weight lifters, and just plain folks. Fad words, metaphors, wordplay, and various figures of speech make up the body of the dictionary.

There is no standard test that will decide what is slang or colloquial and what is not. Expressions that are identified as slang are often some type of entertaining wordplay, and they are almost always an alternative way of saying something. Colloquial expressions are usually spoken and are often thought of as being direct, earthy, or quaint. Slang and colloquial expressions come in different forms: single words, compound words, simple phrases, idioms, and complete sentences. Slang is rarely the first choice of careful writers or speakers or anyone attempting to use language for formal, persuasive, or business purposes. Nonetheless, expressions that can be called slang or colloquial make up a major part of American communication in movies, television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and informal conversation.

Localized fad words are usually thought to have a short life, but other kinds of slang expressions may spread and last for a long time.

The farther they spread, the longer they will last. If they last long enough, they may become so well known that they become standard English unavoidably. Most such slangy expressions simply join an enormous pool of similar expressions, and they are used until displaced by newer terms. At some point the old ones are put on hold until they are forgotten by everyone or revived by a new generation. Many expressions that hang around for decades will pop up again and again in novels and movies or in sporadic use in the speech of older generations.

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Ebooks: Learning Express®’s TOEFL®

2008-12-06T20:32:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Learning Express®’s TOEFL®
[Test of English as a Foreign Language™] EXAM SUCCESS
In Only 6 Steps!

Need to take the TOEFL exam? You are not alone. Over 800,000 students take the Test of English as a Foreign Language™ each year. More than 2,000 universities and programs in the United States and Canada use the TOEFL exam to evaluate the English proficiency of applicants who are not native speakers of English. The reason for this is simple: Academic institutions want to be sure that these applicants can read, write, and comprehend spoken English so that they can succeed in the college classroom.

What This Book Is - And Isn’t

Because your score on the TOEFL exam can determine whether or not you are accepted into an academic institution or program, it is important to prepare carefully for the exam.As you have probably noticed, there are dozens of TOEFL exam preparation books available in libraries and bookstores. Most of these books provide you with practice TOEFL exams to help you become familiar with the format of the test. But taking practice TOEFL exams will do little to boost your score if what you really need is to improve your basic English skills.

That’s exactly how this book can help you. The goal of LearningExpress®’s TOEFL® Exam Success is fourfold:

To explain the format of each section of the TOEFL exam.
To offer specific test-taking strategies that you can use on the exam.
To review the basic reading, writing, and listening skills you need to do well on each section.
To provide exercises that help you build the basic skills and practice the test-taking strategies you learn in each section.

Building your English reading, writing, and listening skills is important, of course. But before addressing these specific skill sets, this book takes you through a review of basic study skills and learning strategies. It also helps you prepare a detailed study plan. The stronger your study skills, and the better you understand learning strategies, the more you will get out of each skill-building chapter.

Each skill-building chapter of this book includes several practice exercises, and detailed answers and explanations are provided in Appendix A. Appendix B offers an extensive list of resources to help you further strengthen your basic skills. Chapter 6 provides general information about the TOEFL exam, including notes about registration and scoring.

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Ebooks: TOEFL Exam Essentials

2008-12-06T20:23:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: TOEFL Exam Essentials

LearningExpress

This essential guide to the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) exam is perfect for studying on the go and tackling the exact kinds of questions tested on your upcoming official exam. Information is presented in an easy-tofollow, straightforward manner so you can find what you need, learn the information, and move on—it’s that simple.

Each chapter covers the essential facts and practice you need to get prepared for your exam, as well as tips on where to go to for more detailed practice and further information. Whether you need to review all parts of the TOEFL exam or just skip ahead to the sections where you need extra practice and review, TOEFL Exam Essentials has just what you need for focused, targeted practice.

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Ebooks: TOEFL Secrets

2008-12-06T19:22:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: TOEFL Secrets

Your Key to TOEFL Success

How to use this manual

We don’t want to waste your time. This manual is fast-paced and fluff-free. We suggest going through it a number of times, trying out its methods on a number of official practice tests.

First, read through the manual completely to get a feel for the content and organization. Read the general success strategies first, and then proceed to the individual test sections. Each tip has been carefully selected for its effectiveness.
Second, read through the manual again, and take notes in the margins and highlight those sections where you may have a particular weakness (we strongly suggest printing the manual out on a high-quality printer).

Third, go through at least one official practice test with the manual at your side and apply the strategies. We believe three practice tests to be the maximum benefit, the first time with all strategies except time (take as much time as you need), the second time with all strategies and time constraints, and a third time without the benefit of the open manual to refer to during the test. See the appendix for the exclusive list of practice test sources we believe to be valuable. Quick tip- there is no greater waste of time than studying practice tests written by anyone other than TOEFL.

Finally, bring the manual with you on test day and study it before the exam begins.

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Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2004 Unleashed

2008-12-04T16:37:00.001-08:00

Ebooks: Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2004 Unleashed

By Michael Noel

It is rare to run into that one product that impresses technical audiences in the way that ISA Server 2004 has managed to. As I prepared to write this book, what surprised me was not ISA's ability to wow and charm Microsoft-centric environments, but its ability to impress the Microsoft-skeptic crowds as well. These are the ones who have been skeptical of anything coming out of Redmond with "Security" in its titlefor good reason in many cases. So, from its release, ISA faced a seemingly insurmountable uphill battle for acceptance, which makes its success even more impressive.

I have had the luxury of working closely with several of the best technologies Microsoft has produced: Active Directory, SQL Server, SharePoint, and Exchange. It therefore takes a powerful product for me to be impressed, and ISA Server 2004 really has done that. ISA functionality is broad, with VPN, reverse proxy, firewall, content caching, and protocol filtering capabilities. Marketing slogans are one thing, but this product really does live up to its billing. I have deployed, administered, and tested ISA Server at organizations of many sizes and functions, from city governments to banks to law firms to technology firms, and have had great success with the product. The breadth and depth of functionality that ISA provides makes my job designing security for these types of environments that much easier.

This book is the result of my experience and the experiences of my colleagues at Convergent Computing in working with ISA Server 2004 Standard and Enterprise versions, in the beta stages and in deployment. I wrote this book to be topical, so that you can easily browse to a particular section and follow easy-to-understand step-by-step scenarios. In addition, if you are looking for a good overview on ISA, the book can be read in sequence to give you a good solid understanding of the higher levels of security and functionality ISA can provide.

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Ebooks: Answers to All TOEFL Essay Questions

2008-12-04T15:57:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Answers to All TOEFL Essay Questions
by ToeflEssays.com

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Ebooks: Linux Security

2008-12-04T15:03:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Linux Security

Ramón J. Hontañón

With the advent of the Internet revolution came the ability of hundreds of geographically dispersed software developers to collaborate on projects that would had been inconceivable just years before. It was the fall of 1991, and while the Internet hadn’t yet become the household name that it is today, a global team of talented software junkies was hard at work crafting what would become the most successful public-domain software offering of all time: the Linux operating system. Ten short years after the first 0.x release, the “Volkswagen of operating systems” enjoys an increasingly strong foothold in the workstation marketplace and stands above all other server platforms as one of the most robust, and certainly the most cost-effective, operating systems.

Ironically, the same Internet explosion that helped usher in the development of the Linux operating system is also to blame for the climate of lawlessness that has forced network administrators to re-examine their network security postures. As corporations large and small look to the Internet as a necessary way to conduct business, network managers become instant security experts, and what once was the distant threat of malicious intrusion is now the order of the day.

While there is no such thing as a secure network server, the Linux operating system was designed with a strong focus on security, and its open-source nature allows administrators, developers, and end users to constantly audit it for vulnerabilities. It’s precisely this ability to look “under the hood” that makes Linux the platform of choice in environments where security is just as important as high availability and ironclad stability.

This book concentrates on what it takes to make your Linux servers as secure as possible, and how to ensure that your servers continue to be secure, even in the face of the evermutating array of malicious threats that plague the Internet today. It contains practical, step-by-step advice on how to harden a Linux installation, starting with a “stock” distribution using freely available software tools. The tips and techniques described in this book are equally relevant to installations of one or one thousand Linux servers. The advice that you’ll find here is the result of over ten years of experience that includes Linux systems, large-scale TCP/IP network administration, security consultation, and security product development for a leading Internet service provider.

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Ebooks: English as a global language

2008-12-04T14:47:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: English as a global language

Second edition
by David Crystal

David Crystal, world authority on the English language, presents a lively and factual account of the rise of English as a global language and explores the whys and wherefores of the history, current status and future potential of English as the international language of communication. English has been lauded as the most ‘successful’ language ever, with 1,500 million speakers worldwide; but Crystal avoids taking sides and tells the story in a measured but engaging way, backed by facts and figures. This new edition of his classic book contains extra sections (on subjects including the linguistic features of New Englishes, the future of English as a world language, and the possibility of an English ‘family’ of languages), footnotes and a full bibliography. There are updates throughout. This is a book for anyone of any nationality concerned with English: teachers, students, language professionals, politicians, general readers and anyone with a love of the language.

David Crystal is one of the world’s foremost authorities on language. He is author of the hugely successful Cambridge encyclopedia of language (1987; second edition 1997), Cambridge encyclopedia of the English language (1995), Language death (2000), Language and the Internet (2001) and Shakespeare’s words (2002, with Ben Crystal). An internationally renowned writer, journal editor, lecturer and broadcaster, he received an OBE in 1995for his services to the study and teaching of the English language. His edited books include several editions of The Cambridge encyclopedia (1990–2000) and related publications, Words on words (2000, with Hilary Crystal) and The new Penguin encyclopedia (2002).

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Ebooks: Java Data Access - JDBC, JNDI, and JAXP

2008-12-04T14:25:00.000-08:00

Ebooks: Java Data Access - JDBC, JNDI, and JAXP

By Todd M. Thomas

Chapter 1: Introducing Java Data Access Development

In This Chapter

Understanding how enterprises use and store data
Using the Java technologies for accessing the different enterprise data stores

Now more than ever, Java developers need to understand how to create data− centric applications. Data is an important commodity and organizations now try to capture, store, and analyze all the information they generate. As a result, many different forms of data exist and an equal number of different methods exist to store it. As a Java developer, you will likely face the challenge of writing an application that enables an organization to effectively use its data stored in either a single source or multiple sources.

Your chances of having to build an application that accesses enterprise data increase because Java continues to gain market share as the language of choice for creating server applications and the J2EE platform become increasingly popular. In addition, most server applications require access to data stores for information. As an example, an EJB component may need to update inventory levels in a database or send XML messages to other applications. As a result, your knowing how to access the different data stores is paramount in enterprise development.
However, client applications also need access to enterprise data stores. For example, a human−resources application that tracks employee vacation time must retrieve and store information from a database. In addition, you now have mobile clients that need access to enterprise data stores. Writing data−centric applications for these devices is challenging, as they operate with little memory, minimal processor speeds, limited power supplies, and intermittent network access.

Fortunately, Java provides a robust set of data−access technologies that enables you to access the most common types of enterprise data. Using these same technologies you can create both server−side components and client−side applications. The technologies consist of APIs for accessing databases, naming and directory services, and XML documents.

This chapter introduces the most common types of data enterprises used in their operations, from simple text files to complex specialty databases. This chapter also covers the various Java−based technologies that you can use to access the data stores.

Taking Stock of Enterprise Data Stores

As you know, enterprises rely on data to make business decisions, generate revenue, and run daily operations. For example, managers generate sales forecasts based on historical sales data stored in a data warehouse. Companies also build online stores using live inventory levels that sell directly to their customers. Accounting departments use financial database applications to generate payroll checks and track accounts receivables. These are only a few examples of how enterprises use data.

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E-Books: Webmaster’s Guide to the Wireless Internet

2008-11-29T17:54:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Webmaster’s Guide to the Wireless Internet
Everything You Need to Develop E-Commerce Enabled
Ryan Fife
Wei Meng Lee
Dan A. Olsen Technical Editor

Wireless Web Sites
Step-by-Step Instructions for Authoring a Web Clipping Application
Complete Coverage of ASP.NET’s Microsoft Mobile Internet Toolkit
Extensions
Master Wireless Security, Including Embedded Security Technology,
Secure Air-Connect Technologies,Mobile Operator Network Security,
and Authentication

Over the past several decades, advances in computing technology have created widespread changes in the way that the world operates and the means by which we deal with information. Computing has revolutionized the way that business is done, bills are accounted for, and how records are stored.The invention of the underlying sets of protocols to enable communication between computers in the early 1970s and the advent of the personal computer in the 1980s, has helped to sow the seeds for the most recent communications revolution—the Internet. In the mid-1990s, as the World Wide Web matured to include graphics and multimedia components and more and more individuals gained access to affordable computers and Internet accounts, the popularity of the Internet exploded and the number of Web sites and people online grew at an exponential rate. Since then, many Web sites have come and gone and use of the Internet is something that many people in the United States take for granted. In the case of individuals whose livelihood is enabled by the Internet, suchas Webmasters, it is something that we cannot live without.

We have also seen, over the past two decades, widespread adoption of mobile devices that are capable of enabling communication. Cellular phones are now being used by millions of individuals worldwide, and, in some areas, mobile phones are more reliable and used more often than land-based telephone communications systems. Recently, many phones and other handheld devices now have the ability to access the Internet and send messages between subscribers.These capabilities often include e-mail and the ability to send and receive data via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), although not all of these devices can view the type of HTML that has been associated with the World Wide Web of recent years.The advent of ubiquitous mobile Internet computing promises to be another revolution in the ways that human beings interact with each other, manage information, and interact with data applications.This revolution also promises a new landscape in which Webmasters may apply their skills and learn some new ones.

One common characteristic that most handheld wireless devices share, regardless of the device category, is a relative lack of processing power, memory, and display capabilities as compared to a desktop computer.Wireless networks, in addition, feature a mere trickle of bandwidth compared with a modem, let alone a DSL or T1 connection. It is very important to keep these constraints in mind as you build your content and applications.

Furthermore, your wireless users will most likely be accessing your Web site while they are mobile.This fact makes it imperative for you to consider the needs of a mobile user as you consider what types of content you should make available, or what kinds of applications make sense for a mobile user. Also, your user interface should take into account the small viewpoint of the devices that will be accessing your Web site and should also consider the difficulty that often exists with user input on these devices.

Webmaster’s Guide to the Wireless Internet is intended to give you, the Webmaster, the skills and knowledge that you will need to add wireless Internet capability to your existing Web site, to build new wireless applications, and to help you understand the issues, both global and domestic, that exist with deploying wireless Internet solutions.

The primary geographical focus of this book is the United States, but Webmasters in other countries will certainly find the information useful.Webmaster’s Guide to the Wireless Internet is not a lengthy work on the wide variety of protocols that are used to deploy wireless technologies, nor does it focus unnecessarily on the minute details of emerging technologies that are volatile in nature and constantly changing. Rather, it focuses on hands-on examples that will allow you to adapt your existing skills in HTML and server-side scripting to deploy content and applications to a wireless audience using WML,WMLScript, and, in some cases, lean HTML.This book is intended to demystify the wireless landscape and provide you with answers on how to get your wireless Web site up and running quickly.

Chapter 1 covers the basics of what makes up the wireless Internet, and how it contrasts with the World Wide Web.
Chapter 2 covers the basic architecture of the wireless architecture and provides a comprehensive overview of the components of the wireless Internet and how they fit together.
Chapter 3 explains the nuts and bolts of the Wireless Markup Language, the client-side, XML-based markup language that allows devices using the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) to display Internet content.This chapter will give you an understanding of how this language differs from HTML and will give you the skills to start building your own wireless content.
Chapter 4 explains how to add client-side scripting to your WML pages.
WMLScript is loosely based on ECMAScript, which is the language that gave rise to both JavaScript and Jscript. Users familiar with these scripting languages will notice a similar syntax and structure, but the means of deployment will differ. Depending on the market in which you want to deploy your content, you may or may not be able to make much real-world use of WMLScript.
Chapter 5 explains how to install and use the many Software Development Kits (SDKs) supplied by wireless browser programmers and handset manufacturers to provide you with an emulator and debugger to develop your content or application.
Chapter 6 provides an introduction to the proprietary system that allows users of Palm-powered handheld devices to access content located on the Internet.This chapter will give you the information that you will need to start building Web Clipping Applications (WCAs).These special HTML-based applications can be integrated with local applications or interact with Web servers located on the Internet.
Chapter 7 explains the issues surrounding usability on wireless devices.This chapter will help you build effective small-viewpoint navigation and give you some handy tips on how to make your wireless site more user-friendly by working within the constraints of narrow bandwidth and limited user input.
Chapter 8 will give you information and guidelines on how to add wireless capabilities to your existing Web site and choose content that is of interest to mobile users. It also covers how to detect wireless devices and discusses the issues surrounding automated or on-the-fly conversion of your content for wireless users.
Chapter 9 explains how you can use the Microsoft Mobile Internet Toolkit and Mobile Web Forms to deploy content to a wide variety of devices using the same code. It covers how you can maintain state during a wireless or Web transaction and how you can integrate Microsoft’s ActiveX Data Object (ADO) technology to provide interfaces to your data to many different devices.
Chapter 10 discusses the technology used to provide secure transactions for wireless devices and covers the issues surrounding security as it applies within the wireless landscape. Point-to-point and end-to-end security models and the various pitfalls surrounding both models are discussed.
The wireless revolution, like any revolution, is not without its challenges.The global market for wireless Internet technologies is highly diverse, with different rates of adoption, competing protocols and technologies, and existing infrastructures that are in some cases more economical to use in the short term than building a new global wireless communications architecture. At present in the United States, thereexists a fragmented landscape of telecommunications companies that offer mobile phone service and not all of them are yet capable of offering wireless Internet access (but most are). In Europe, standardized networks and compatible handsets have
enabled the wireless Internet to become popular very quickly. Asia has seen similar growth in the use of the wireless Internet, most notably in Japan with NTT/DoCoMo’s iMode system. Many individuals in these markets find that the wireless Internet is an indispensable part of their lives, while the U.S. market has been slow to adopt the technology.There are many reasons for this, including legacy handsets, widespread Internet access via personal computers, and a telecommunications market that features competing incompatible protocols and technologies.
This book, while comprehensively covering the technologies that already exist on the wireless Internet (and the general principles behind them), does not attempt to address developing technologies that are not yet deployed.There has recently been much speculation and hype about so-called third generation, or 3G networks, which are “just around the corner.” In addition, handset manufacturers have promised many new developments in wireless technology, and, in particular, location-based services.

These dreams, at the time of this writing, are not yet a reality.
However, the wireless Internet is up and running and more subscribers join in every day.The future certainly promises to be interesting, and Webmaster’s Guide to the Wireless Internet holds much value for Webmasters who wish to add the ability to develop wireless-accessible Web sites to their toolkit.The first step to the future begins today, and we can only expect that the number of mobile devices that are capable of accessing the Internet will grow as time progresses. It’s your job to make sure that there is something worthwhile for individuals to access on the wireless Internet, and this book provides the hands-on examples and explanations that will allow you to do so!

—Dan A. Olsen
Technical Editor and Contributor

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E-Books: Wireless Communications and Networking

2008-11-23T15:56:00.001-08:00

E-Books: Wireless Communications and Networking

Vijay K. Garg

The cellular system employs a different design approach than most commercial radio and television systems use [1,2]. Radio and television systems typically operate at maximum power and with the tallest antennas allowed by the regulatory agency of the country. In the cellular system, the service area is divided into cells. A transmitter is designed to serve an individual cell. The system seeks to make effi cient use of available channels by using low-power transmitters to allow frequency reuse at much smaller distances. Maximizing the number of times each channel can be reused in a given geographic area is the key to an effi cient cellular system design.

During the past three decades, the world has seen signifi cant changes in the telecommunications industry. There have been some remarkable aspects to the rapid growth in wireless communications, as seen by the large expansion in mobile systems. Wireless systems consist of wireless wide-area networks (WWAN) [i.e., cellular systems], wireless local area networks (WLAN) [4], and wireless personal area networks (WPAN) (see Figure 1.1) [17]. The handsets used in all of these systems possess complex functionality, yet they have become small, lowpower consuming devices that are mass produced at a low cost, which has in turn accelerated their widespread use. The recent advancements in Internet technology have increased network traffi c considerably, resulting in a rapid growth of data rates. This phenomenon has also had an impact on mobile systems, resulting in the extraordinary growth of the mobile Internet.

Wireless data offerings are now evolving to suit consumers due to the simple reason that the Internet has become an everyday tool and users demand data mobility. Currently, wireless data represents about 15 to 20% of all air time. While success has been concentrated in vertical markets such as public safety, health care, and transportation, the horizontal market (i.e., consumers) for wireless data is growing. In 2005, more than 20 million people were using wireless e-mail. The Internet has changed user expectations of what data access means. The ability to retrieve information via the Internet has been “an amplifi er of demand” for wireless
data applications.

More than three-fourths of Internet users are also wireless users and a mobile subscriber is four times more likely to use the Internet than a nonsubscriber to mobile services. Such keen interest in both industries is prompting user demand for converged services. With more than a billion Internet users expected by 2008, the potential market for Internet-related wireless data services is quite large.

In this chapter, we discuss briefl y 1G, 2G, 2.5G, and 3G cellular systems and outline the ongoing standard activities in Europe, North America, and Japan.

We also introduce broadband (4G) systems (see Figure 1.2) aimed on integrating WWAN, WLAN, and WPAN. Details of WWAN, WLAN, and WPAN are given in Chapters 15 to 20.

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E-Books: Networking with Microsoft Windows Vista

2008-11-23T15:19:00.002-08:00

E-Books: Networking with Microsoft Windows Vista
Your Guide to Easy and Secure Windows Vista Networking
Paul McFedries

Only connect! —E. M. Forster

If you have just a single computer in your home or small office, and if you’re the only person who uses that computer, your setup is inherently efficient. You can use the machine whenever you like, and everything you need your applications, your printer, your CD/DVD drive, your Internet connection, and so on—are readily available.

Things become noticeably less efficient if you have to share the computer with other people. For instance, you might have to wait for someone else to finish a task before you can get your own work done, you might need to have separate applications for each person’s requirements, and you might need to set up separate folders to hold each person’s data.

User accounts and fast user switching in Vista ease these problems, but they don’t eliminate them. For example, you still have to twiddle a thumb or two while waiting for another person to complete his work.

A better solution is to increase the number of computers available. Now that machines with fast processors, ample RAM, and massive hard disk space can be had for just a few hundred dollars, a multiple-machine setup is an affordable proposition for most homes. At home, for example, the current trend is to buy a nice system for Mom and Dad to put in their office, while the kids inherit the old machine for their games and homework assignments.

Now you have several computers kicking around the house or office, but they’re all islands unto themselves. If you want to print something using another computer’s printer, you’re forced to copy the file to a memory card or other removable media, walk that media over to the other computer, and then print from there. Similarly, if multiple computers require Internet access, you face the hassle (and expense) of configuring separate connections So now you must take the final step on this road: Connect everything together to create your own small network. This will give you all kinds of benefits:

A printer (or just about any peripheral) that’s attached to one computer can be used by any other computer on the network.
You can transfer files from one computer to another.
Users can access disk drives and folders on network computers as though they were part of their own computer. In particular, you can set up a folder to store common data files, and each user will be able to access these files from the comfort of her machine. (For security, you can restrict access to certain folders and drives.)
You can set up an Internet connection on one device and share that connection with other machines on the network.
You can stream images, music, and videos from one computer to another computer or to a digital media receiver, such as an Xbox 360.
You can set up a wireless portion of your network, which enables you to access other computers and the Internet from just about anywhere in your house or office.

The benefits of a network are clear; but if you’ve been hesitating because you think getting the right equipment and putting it all together seem like complex tasks, you’ve come to the right book. Here, in Networking with Windows Vista, you get a complete beginner’s guide to creating, configuring, administering, and using a small network using Windows Vista computers. This book
includes comprehensive coverage of networking hardware, including both wired and wireless devices. You get handy buyer’s guides that tell you how to make smart choices when purchasing network hardware. Then, when you 2 Networking with Microsoft®Windows Vista™ have your hardware in hand, this book shows you how to put everything together, including installing the devices, laying the cable, and connecting all the pieces.

With your hardware tasks complete, the book switches to the software side and examines Windows Vista networking features. These include the Network and Sharing Center, managing wired and wireless connections, accessing shared network resources, sharing local resources on the network, implementing security, and much more.

How This Book Is Organized

To help give you a sense of the overall structure of the book, the next few sections offer a brief summary of the four main parts of the book.

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E-Books Microsoft Windows Registry Guide

2008-11-23T07:36:00.000-08:00

E-Books Microsoft Windows Registry Guide

The registry is the heart and soul of Microsoft Windows XP and Microsoft Windows Server 2003. In my other registry books, I said the same thing about the registry in every version of Windows since Windows 95, and by the time you're finished reading this book, I hope you'll agree. The registry contains the configuration data that makes the operating system work; enables developers to organize configuration data in ways that are impossible using other mechanisms, such as INI files; and is behind just about every feature that you think is great in Windows. More importantly, it enables you to customize Windows in ways that you can't through the user interface.

Windows and every application that runs on Microsoft's latest desktop operating systems do absolutely nothing without consulting the registry first. When you double-click a file, Windows consults the registry to figure out what to do with that file. When you install a device, Windows assigns resources to the device based on information in the registry and then stores the device's configuration in the registry. When you run an application such as Microsoft Office Word 2003, the application looks up your preferences in the registry. If you were to monitor the registry during a normal session, you'd see that it serves up thousands of values within minutes.

In this book, you will learn how to customize the registry, but you must also learn how to maintain it. You must learn how to back up the registry so you can restore it if things go awry. You must also learn the best practices for editing the registry safely.

The registry is an invaluable tool for the IT professional who is deploying, managing, and supporting Windows. Did you know that most policies in Group Policy and system policies are really settings in the registry? Does that give you any ideas? Did you know that scripting registry edits is one of the best ways to deploy settings to users? This book teaches you about policies, scripting, and much more. For example, you will learn how to deploy registry settings during Windows and Microsoft Office 2003 Editions installations. Some deployment problems can be solved only by using the registry, so I describe the most common IT workarounds, too. For example, I show you how to prevent Windows from creating the Microsoft Outlook Express icon on the desktop when a user logs on to the computer for the first time.

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E-Books: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 A Beginner's Guide

2008-11-23T06:24:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 A Beginner's Guide

There are a couple of reasons why SQL Server, the system that comprises Database Engine, Analysis Services, Reporting Services and Integration Services is the best choice for a broad spectrum of end users and database programmers building business applications:

SQL Server is certainly the best system for Windows operating systems, because of its tight integration (and low pricing). Because the number of installed Windows systems is enormous and still increasing rapidly, SQL Server is a widely used system.
Database Engine, as the relational database system component, is the easiest database system to use. In addition to the well-known user interface, Microsoft offers several different tools to help you create database objects, tune your database applications, and manage system administration tasks.

Generally, SQL Server isn’t only a database system. It is a platform that not only manages structured, semistructured, and unstructured data but also offers comprehensive, integrated operational and analysis software that enables organizations to reliably manage mission-critical information.

Goals of the Book

Microsoft SQL Server 2008: A Beginner’s Guide follows three previous editions that covered SQL Server 7, 2000, and 2005.

Generally, all SQL Server users who want to get a good understanding of this database system and to work successfully with it will find this book very helpful. (If you are a new SQL Server user but understand SQL, read the section “Differences Between SQL and Transact-SQL Syntax” later in this introduction.)

This book addresses users of all components of the SQL Server system. For this reason, it is divided into several parts: users who want to learn more about the relational database component called Database Engine will find the first three parts of the book the most useful. The fourth part of the book is dedicated to business intelligence users who use either Analysis Services or relational extensions concerning BI. The last part of the book provides insight for users who want to use XML data and/or spatial data.

SQL Server 2008 New Features Described in the Book

SQL Server 2008 has a lot of new features, and almost all of them are discussed in this book. For each feature, at least one running example is provided to enable you to understand that feature better. The following table lists the chapters that describe new features and provides a brief summary of the new features introduced in each chapter.

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E-Books: Microsoft Windows Group Policy Guide

2008-11-23T04:30:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Microsoft Windows Group Policy Guide

Thanks to Karen for keeping me motivated and to Sid for walking on top of my keyboard repeatedly as I tried to work.
_Darren Mar-Elia_
Thanks to my family for being there in the hard times and the good times.
_Derek Melber_
To my wife and children, keeping the dream alive.
_William R. Stanek_

Welcome to the Microsoft® Windows® Group Policy Guide. The Microsoft Windows Group Policy Guide covers the topic of Group Policy—quite possibly the most misunderstood product that Microsoft has ever introduced. Many system administrators, network engineers, and IT managers think of Group Policy as a complex behemoth within Active Directory® that they will never truly understand, and yet Group Policy is widely implemented because its benefits are well-known in areas of security, software distribution, and desktop lockdown. When you’ve widely implemented a product that you don’t understand, you have a real problem and a frustrating experience for everyone involved, but it doesn’t have to be that way. Group Policy is less complex, more configurable, and more manageable than you might have imagined—and step by step, chapter by chapter, you’ll learn why as you read this book.

About This Book

Microsoft Windows Group Policy Guide covers Group Policy administration for Microsoft Windows Server™ 2003, Windows XP Professional, and Windows 2000.

The book is designed for Windows system administrators, network engineers, and anyone else who wants to learn the ins and outs of Group Policy. If you currently support Active Directory or you want to learn more about Group Policy, this book is for you.

This book zeroes in on the essential information that you need to effectively deploy, manage, and troubleshoot Group Policy. To pack in as much information as possible, we’re assuming that you have basic system administration skills and are familiar with Windows Server 2003 network environments. With this in mind, we don’t devote entire chapters to understanding Active Directory, DNS, or Windows Server 2003.

Other books cover those topics in depth and better than we ever could; they include Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Inside Out (Microsoft Press, 2004), Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Administrator’s Companion (Microsoft Press, 2004), and Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Administrator’s Pocket Consultant (Microsoft Press, 2003). What is this book, then? It is a guide to Group Policy, which explains everything you need to know to successfully deploy, manage, and troubleshoot Group Policy.

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E-Books: The Celestine Prophecy

2008-11-17T02:50:00.000-08:00

E-Books: The Celestine Prophecy

an Adventure
By James Redfield

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E-Books: Ubuntu Hacks Tips and Tools for Exploring Using and Tuning Linux

2008-11-16T15:38:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Ubuntu Hacks
Tips and Tools for Exploring Using and Tuning Linux
By Bill Childers, Jonathan Oxer, Kyle Rankin

The Ubuntu distribution simplifies Linux by providing a sensible collection of applications, an easy-to-use package manager, and lots of fine-tuning, which make it possibly the best Linux for desktops and laptops. Readers of both Linux Journal and TUX Magazine confirmed this by voting Ubuntu as the best Linux distribution in each publication's 2005 Readers Choice Awards. None of that simplification, however, makes Ubuntu any less fun if you're a hacker or a power user.

Like all books in the "Hacks" series, Ubuntu Hacks includes 100 quick tips and tricks for all users of all technical levels. Beginners will appreciate the installation advice and tips on getting the most out of the free applications packaged with Ubuntu, while intermediate and advanced readers will learn the ins-and-outs of power management, wireless roaming, 3D video acceleration, server configuration, and much more.

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E-Books: Ubuntu®Linux® TOOLBOX

2008-11-16T15:22:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Ubuntu®Linux® TOOLBOX

1000+ Commands for Ubuntu and Debian Power Users
Christopher Negus
François Caen

The huge, enthusiastic Ubuntu community has swept up thousands and thousands of new Ubuntu Linux users. If you are one of them, you will probably soon find yourself wanting to dig beneath the surface of Ubuntu’s applications and graphical tools. You’ll want to become a power user.

Becoming a power user with any Linux system means being able to work from the command line. Few graphical interfaces will provide you with the options and flexibility you get with commands that address the same features.

Ubuntu Linux Toolbox provides you with more than 1000 specific command lines to help you dig deeply into Linux. Whether you are a systems administrator or desktop user, the book will show you commands to create file systems, troubleshoot networks, lock down security, and dig out almost anything you care to know about your Linux system.

This book’s focus for your Linux command-line journey is Ubuntu, the communitybased Linux distribution sponsored by Canonical Ltd., and the Debian GNU/Linux system on which it is based. Tapping into the skills needed to run those systems can help you to work with your own Linux systems and to learn what you need as a Linux professional.

Ubuntu Takes Linux by Storm

Since its inaugural release in 2004, Ubuntu (www.ubuntu.com) has become the most popular and, arguably, best loved of the Linux distributions. From its name, which translates to humanity toward others, to its focus on support for many languages and special needs, Ubuntu has reflected its ideals of spreading free software beyond the standard Linux target markets of geeks and corporate servers.

The Ubuntu project does everything it can to help ease new users into using its Linuxbased Ubuntu operating system. Ubuntu live CDs let a new user try out Ubuntu before installing it. If the user likes Ubuntu, a single click can start an Ubuntu install to hard disk. And because Ubuntu is based on Debian GNU/Linux, Ubuntu has been able to make massive amounts of software from the Debian software repositories available free to Ubuntu users.

Although it’s true that Ubuntu focuses on ease-of-use desktop systems, that doesn’t mean Ubuntu has no commercial Linux value. In fact, Canonical offers paid enterprisequality support for its systems through its Canonical Global Support Services team (www.ubuntu.com/support/paid). Canonical also offers training courses to help you become an Ubuntu Training Partner (www.ubuntu.com/support/training). In other words, there are professional opportunities for those who learn to operate Ubuntu.

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E-Books: Beginning Ubuntu LTS Server Administration

2008-11-16T14:58:00.000-08:00

E-Books: Beginning Ubuntu LTS Server Administration

From Novice to Professional
Second Edition
By Sander Van Vugt

Beginning Ubuntu LTS Server Administration: From Novice to Professional, Second Edition provides a complete introduction to Ubuntu Server. I wrote it for people who are new to Ubuntu Server administration but have a solid foundation in IT. The target readers are Windows administrators as well as people who are used to managing other flavors of Linux (or UNIX). It was the goal of this book to give a no-nonsense introduction to working with Ubuntu Server, so it provides all the basics that are needed to get you going. It also includes many useful tips that help you do your work in a more efficient manner.

Many books about Ubuntu are presently available, but you can’t do Ubuntu Server justice by covering both the desktop and the server version in one book. The needs of a server administrator are vastly different from the needs of a desktop administrator. So I chose an approach that makes sense for the server administrator, and all topics are selected and organized to make sense for your day-to-day work as a server administrator.

Who This Book Is For

This book is written for Linux administrators, whether novice or experienced, who are looking for a quick, thorough, and authoritative introduction to daily Ubuntu Server management.

How This Book Is Structured

The book starts by describing Ubuntu Server, with a special focus on storage configuration, which is an especially important concern when dealing with server environments. You’ll then find a quick introduction to driving Ubuntu Server from the command line, in case you haven’t done this before. The third chapter tackles some of the common generic tasks of a server administrator, including managing software packages and configuring a graphical user interface.

Next are chapters about file system management, Ubuntu Server security, managing processes, and the boot procedure. The last chapter, which deals with stand-alone server functionality, explains Bash shell scripting—in fewer than 30 pages, you’ll learn everything you ever need to know about this complex topic.

The second part of the book teaches you all about network services. First, you’ll learn how to configure and troubleshoot a network interface. Next, you’ll read how to set up infrastructure services such as time services, name services, and DHCP. The following chapters discuss managing file services, the Apache web server (including performance tuning hints and a section on virtual hosts), and related packages such as MySQL. Finally, the last chapter provides an overview of the approaches to running virtualization on Ubuntu Server

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E-Books: The OXFORD History of English

2008-11-16T14:34:00.000-08:00

E-Books: The OXFORD History of English

Edited by
Lynda Mugglestone

How can there be a true History, when we see no Man living is able to write truly the History of the last Week?

T. Shadwell, The Squire of Alsatia (1688)

SIR William Belford’s words, spoken in Act II of Thomas Shadwell’s late seventeenth-century play, The Squire of Alsatia, articulate the problems of history with conspicuous ease. As Belford comments to his brother, no history can be complete. Instead, all historical description is based on acts of interpretation, leading to accounts which may, or may not, conXict with those oVered by other tellers and other tales. In this sense, gaps and absences necessarily beset the historian; not all can be known, and a change of perspective inevitably brings new, and diVerent, considerations to the fore. A single true—and all-encompassing—history is an illusion.

These problems are equally pertinent for historians of language for whom the subject is the many-voiced past. Gaps and absences here may be particularly tantalizing; for the remote past of language—the pre-history of English (discussed in the opening chapter of this volume)—not a single record remains and history must be reconstructed, deduced from the patterns of languages which share the same ancestry. Even later, the historical record may be fragmentary;
if the primary form of language is speech, only with the advent of sound recording (and the invention of the phonograph in 1877) do we begin to have a record of the actual voices of the past—and even this evidence is necessarily partial and selective. The majority of speakers through the history of English have left not a single trace to document the words they spoke, or the conversations in which they participated. Even for those who had access to the written word, not all has been preserved (and only in the more recent historical past has access to the written word been extended to all, irrespective of class and gender). The passage of historical time has enacted its own selectivities, to which historians have often added others. In many histories of the language, regional voices rarely feature once a standard variety begins to emerge in the Wfteenth century. Likewise, the history of the language is often mapped through a progression of canonical landmarks—Chaucer, Shakespeare, Samuel Johnson—that marginalize the range of other voices which co-existed (and which, in a variety of ways, might themselves be seen as more rather than less representative of what ‘ordinary’ English speakers were doing at a given point in time).

For these and other reasons, the emphasis throughout the following volume is placed on the construction of ‘a history’ rather than ‘the history’, recognizing that many other pathways could be navigated through the past—and present—ofthe English language. The wider emphasis throughout is, however, placed on the twin images of pluralism and diversity, and on the complex patterns of usage which have served to make up English. While the language of Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Johnson does therefore appear (if perhaps more brieXy than in other histories of English), then so too does the language of footmen, mining butties, and missionaries, of telegrams and emails, of trade, exploration, and colonization. The language of thieves and the underworld appears in Chapter 8 on Renaissance English; that of, say, eighteenth-century Jamaican English in Chapter 12. The English of ordinary letters, of diaries, and of private testimony—as in Chapters 7, 9, and 10—frequently takes its place in the attempt to engage with what it was like to use English, in a variety of circumstances, in previous centuries. Examples of usage from Scotland, Norfolk, or from Dorset, Spain, Singapore, and America (amongst others) emphasize the diversity of the speakers who make up ‘the English language’.

Rather than a seamless synecdoche of the history of English with the history of the standard variety, the image of the past that is explored over the course of this volume is therefore one characterized by its heterogeneity, and by the ebb and Xow of a language (and language-varieties) continually on the move. As David Crystal has recently pointed out, ‘For every one person who speaks Standard English, there must be a hundred who do not, and another hundred who speak other varieties as well as the standard. Where is their >>>>

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