ACUPUNCTURA

2008-01-30T00:38:00.000Z

Holistic Health

Ideally holistic bloom is the ability of our abeyant as bodies as absolute beings, and our admiration to alive accomplishing and acceptable lives. The all-embracing ambition is not aloof to be physically advantageous but additionally to be in accord with oneself and the ambiance at all levels, body, apperception and spirit. Relationships, amusing alternation and affairs are additionally factors that are advised back ambidextrous with a holistic approach. Managing, or eliminating accent is a basal basic of holistic health.

Holistic is a appellation that emphasizes the anatomic accord amid the accomplished and its parts. Holistic bloom or holistic anesthetic attempts to amusement the accomplished self, including apperception and body. Holistic anesthetic is not a new abstraction or theory. In actuality holistic bloom is added of a aesthetics that has been in actuality for bags of years. Holistic anesthetic about is new to western anesthetic and our bloom affliction system. Back holistic anesthetic is activated into acceptable bloom care, the access to analysis takes on a accomplished new dimension. Patients roles are afflicted in that they become added complex in their analysis by actuality fabricated acquainted of their action and how their thoughts, behaviors and attitudes are attributed to the bearings and they are accomplished how by authoritative changes they can be actively complex in their own healing process.

There are several agreement that are about acclimated in affiliation with, or are associated with holistic medicine. Another medicine, commutual medicine, and accustomed healing are apparently the best common. Another anesthetic is a appellation acclimated by both medical professionals and the accustomed accessible to call medical techniques or procedures that are not about accustomed or accustomed by acceptable or accustomed practitioners. These techniques accommodate non-invasive, non-pharmaceutical methods as able-bodied as beginning drugs or therapies that are not in accustomed use or as of yet broadly accustomed as agency of able treatment. The attitudes about another anesthetic are alteration and in contempo years abounding of the practices accept become broadly accustomed so abundant so that a few are now absolutely advised conventional. Commutual anesthetic is usually a appellation acclimated by accustomed or acceptable medical practitioners to call non-invasive, non-pharmaceutical practices that are acclimated in affiliation with or to acclaim anaplasty and decree or over the adverse drugs. The association is that these practices are the primary accoutrement acclimated in the healing or analysis action and that the anarchistic techniques are aloof acclimated as a advancement or supplement as needed. Accustomed healing refers to non-invasive techniques as able-bodied but does not usually absorb the use of any drugs or supplements of any kind. Accustomed healing is usually a advertence to concrete healing or bodywork only.

There is a advanced array of natural, alternative, or commutual practices that are acclimated to attain holistic health. Some of these practices accommodate aromatherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, naturopathy, alleviative herbs, Reiki, Tai chi, and yoga. Accent abridgement is a axiological arch of holistic health. The abridgement of accent is believed to acquiesce the body's accustomed healing abilities to go to work.

2008-01-26T11:23:00.000Z

Acupuncture Quit Smoking Therapy
by Nguek-Fluek Nguang

Acupuncture quit smoking therapy offers real solid hope to countless smokers who are trying to quit smoking. It was discovered via the traditional Chinese acupuncture practices which exists long ago. Acupuncture is the application of needles on specific chi points of a human’s body. Each chi point or a combination of chi points correspond to certain body organs of systems and thus the human physiology is affected through acupuncture.

An acupuncture quit smoking therapy is an alternative smoking cessation method. It doesn't involve any medications which is why many people with complex medical condition can practice it.

What are the advantages, disadvantages and the things you should be aware of in the acupuncture quit smoking method:

Advantagess and Disadvantages of acupuncture quit smoking therapy.

Acupuncture is a non-medical treatment way that does not include any use if chemical or herbal medications. It helps though stimulation of specific body points usually situated on the eras and the face. The result is reduced cravings and cessation symptoms relief.

Unfortunately acupuncture quit smoking method does not give very satisfactory results. Although some patients feel significant improvement in their condition, the rate of the unsuccessful treatments is quite high.

What you should look for if planning to undergo acupuncture quit smoking treatment.

Ask your doctor for the best acupuncture specialists in your area; do not just go to the first address that you will find in the newspaper ads. It is necessary that you attend a specialist who is experienced in smoking cessation treatment. Try to find a well know and establishes acupuncture quit smoking clinic so that you are comfortable with the service provided.

Ask for testimonials from previous customers when you go to the clinic. Make sure what your treatment will include as the options vary – some clinics may offer you single session while other can offer you a package of services including initial medical exam, a number of sessions depending on your conditions, and a follow up treatment.

Modern alternatives of the acupuncture quit smoking treatment.

A modern way of stop smoking treatment employing the same principles as acupuncture is the laser treatment. The difference is that instead of needles low-level lasers are used. For some people the laser treatment is the preferred way because there is no breach of skin while in acupuncture the needles are pinned into the skin that can result into irritations and infections. Another significant difference is that the results that the laser treatment gives are much more positive than the traditional acupuncture.

2008-01-15T12:15:00.000Z

2007-03-26T17:52:00.000+01:00

Moxibustion works well with Acupuncture

What is acupuncture?

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medical technique for unblocking qi (the energy that allegedly permeates all things) by inserting disposable needles at particular points on the body to balance the opposing forces of yin and yang.

When yin and yang are in harmony, qi flows freely within the body and a person is healthy. When a person is sick, diseased, or injured, there is an obstruction of qi along one of the meridians. Traditional Chinese Medicine has identified some 2,000 specific points where needles are to be inserted for specific effects.

What does acupuncture feel like? Do the needles hurt?

People experience acupuncture differently, but most feel minimal or no pain as the needles are inserted. Some people are energized by treatment, while others feel relaxed.

What is moxibustion?

Moxibustion, or moxa for short, is an ancient form of heat therapy. Moxa uses the ground up leaves of the plant mugwort (Artemesia vulgaris or ai ye in Chinese). The burning of moxa is believed to expel cold and warm the meridians, which leads to a smoother flow of blood and qi.

How does moxibustion work? Does it hurt?

There are two types of moxibustion -- direct and indirect.

In direct moxibustion, a small, cone-shaped amount of herb is placed on top of an acupuncture point and burned. The patient will experience a pleasant heating sensation that penetrates deep into the skin, but should not experience any pain, blistering or scarring unless the moxa is left in place for too long.

Indirect moxibustion is currently the more popular form of care because there is a much lower risk of pain or burning. In indirect moxibustion, a practitioner lights one end of a moxa stick, roughly the shape and size of a cigar, and holds it close to the area being treated for several minutes until the area turns red.

Who is moxibustion good for?

It is used specifically for patients suffering from cold or stagnant constitutions. It should not be used on anyone diagnosed with too much heat.

"It is especially good for women who have joint pains, menstrual cramps, irregular periods, and infertility."

How is acupuncture paired with moxibustion?

When the needles are in the body, the smoldering moxa stick is held a couple inches away from the skin, usually around the inserted needles. The practitioner will monitor the heat level, and work with the patient to provide a therapeutic level of heat while maintaining comfort and safety.

This simultaneous use of moxibustion with the acupuncture needle intensifies the therapeutic benefit of the given acupuncture point.

Can anybody practise moxibustion?

Moxibustion is usually taught as part of a qualified acupuncture or Traditional Chinese Medicine degree programme. It takes skill and caution. "It is equivalent to holding a red-hot coal an inch above someone's skin."

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medical technique for unblocking qi (the energy that allegedly permeates all things) by inserting disposable needles at particular points on the body to balance the opposing forces of yin and yang.

When yin and yang are in harmony, qi flows freely within the body and a person is healthy. When a person is sick, diseased, or injured, there is an obstruction of qi along one of the meridians. Traditional Chinese Medicine has identified some 2,000 specific points where needles are to be inserted for specific effects.

What does acupuncture feel like? Do the needles hurt?

People experience acupuncture differently, but most feel minimal or no pain as the needles are inserted. Some people are energized by treatment, while others feel relaxed.

What is moxibustion?

Moxibustion, or moxa for short, is an ancient form of heat therapy. Moxa uses the ground up leaves of the plant mugwort (Artemesia vulgaris or ai ye in Chinese). The burning of moxa is believed to expel cold and warm the meridians, which leads to a smoother flow of blood and qi.

How does moxibustion work? Does it hurt?

There are two types of moxibustion -- direct and indirect.

In direct moxibustion, a small, cone-shaped amount of herb is placed on top of an acupuncture point and burned. The patient will experience a pleasant heating sensation that penetrates deep into the skin, but should not experience any pain, blistering or scarring unless the moxa is left in place for too long.

Indirect moxibustion is currently the more popular form of care because there is a much lower risk of pain or burning. In indirect moxibustion, a practitioner lights one end of a moxa stick, roughly the shape and size of a cigar, and holds it close to the area being treated for several minutes until the area turns red.

Who is moxibustion good for?

It is used specifically for patients suffering from cold or stagnant constitutions. It should not be used on anyone diagnosed with too much heat.

"It is especially good for women who have joint pains, menstrual cramps, irregular periods, and infertility."

How is acupuncture paired with moxibustion?

When the needles are in the body, the smoldering moxa stick is held a couple inches away from the skin, usually around the inserted needles. The practitioner will monitor the heat level, and work with the patient to provide a therapeutic level of heat while maintaining comfort and safety.

This simultaneous use of moxibustion with the acupuncture needle intensifies the therapeutic benefit of the given acupuncture point.

Can anybody practise moxibustion?

Moxibustion is usually taught as part of a qualified acupuncture or Traditional Chinese Medicine degree programme. It takes skill and caution. "It is equivalent to holding a red-hot coal an inch above someone's skin."

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

www.medical-explorer.com

2007-03-03T09:36:00.000Z

GDBHNCB9204360

2007-02-20T23:25:00.000Z

Chinese Medicine for Alopecia Areata

Tip! acupunture

Alopecia areata is considered to be an auto-immune condition in which the body's immune system, specifically the white blood cells, attack the hair follicles, leading to hair loss, which can be on the scalp or elsewhere.

In most cases of alopecia, the hair falls out in small round patches about the size of a quarter. Alopecia areata affects approximately four million Americans of both sexes, and all ages and backgrounds. The effects of alopecia are primarily socially and emotionally disturbing, because of its unpredictable effects on a person's appearance. It is not life threatening or painful.

There are a number of Chinese herbs that can be beneficial for this condition. Chinese medicine treats the root imbalances in the body that result in alopecia. When the body is brought into balance, symptoms resolve themselves and slowly disappear. There are two patterns in Chinese Medicine that can result in the hair loss symptomatic of alopecia areata. The first is a pattern of Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency. This means that the energy of the body that normally nourishes the hair follicles is deficient. When herbs are used that nourish Liver and Kidney Yin, hair can start to grow back. The second pattern is that of Toxic Heat in the body. This means that there is an inflammatory condition in the body that is a result of excess acidity from a poor diet, exposure to pollution or other toxins, or an infection. In most people with alopecia areata, these two conditions exist in combination with each other.

It is necessary to reduce inflammation and acidity in the body while nourishing the cooling yin energy of the body that nourishes hair growth.

He Shou Wu, polygonum or Fo-ti, is one herb that can be beneficial for people with alopecia areata. This herb has been used traditionally in China for graying hair and premature hair loss. It is a general tonic for the brain and the body, and can improve the quality of hair growth on the head. It can take three to six months of use to see the full benefits of Fo-ti. The Chinese have also traditionally used this herb as a longevity tonic.

Ligustrum and eclipta are also two Chinese herbs used to nourish hair growth by strengthening the Liver and Kidney Yin energy of the body. Research done in China have shown that these herbs can promote hair growth in people with alopecia areata.

Chinese wolfberries are also a general body tonic that improve blood circulation to hair follicles of the head. This herb can work well in combination with the herbs listed above.

In order to clear the inflammation and acidity that can trigger alopecia, mint, dandelion, and honeysuckle herbs can be used in combination.

Tip! Traditional acupuncture as practiced in China for more than 2,500 years is one of the vital components of the Chinese medicine system. It involves the insertion of stainless steel needles into various body areas, along with a low-frequency current to the needles to produce greater stimulation.

Some supplements that may be of benefit in combination with Chinese herbs include vitamin C, flaxseed oil, and nettle tea. All of these are anti-inflammatory and detoxifying to the body. Eating black beans and black sesame seeds can also be helpful when taken alongside Chinese herbs.

Chinese herbs are a safe, natural, effective, health-promoting way to treat alopecia areata and increase hair growth.

Chinese Medicine Workshop in Boca Raton Take a workshop in acutonics and harmonic medicine at Equisol in Florida.

Dr. Khan is a Doctor of Oriental Medicine practicing in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She has her own line of herbal supplements, including one for alopecia, at http://www.yinessence.com. You can reach her at farah@yinessence.com

2007-02-14T23:41:00.000Z

Can Chinese Medicine Help You Quit Smoking?

Tip! acupunture

Addiction is now the biggest preventable killer in Britain, causing 150,000 deaths a year (120,000 tobacco related, 33,000 alcohol related and 1,700 drugs related).
How can Chinese medicine help with addiction?

Chinese medicine has beneficial effects on addiction to various substances. The most commonly treated addictions at AcuMedic clinics are smoking and alcoholism.

Smoking has a detrimental impact on all major systems of the human body, in particular, the circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems. In Chinese medical theory, smoking weakens the Lung's function of commanding the overall movement of Qi, Blood and Meridians, by creating Heat in the Lung and Stomach, which in turn will cause Fire in the Heart and/or stagnation of Liver Qi, hence withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, palpitations, mood swings and restlessness occur.

Chinese medicine can reduce the craving for cigarettes. Studies show that patients after treatment often report a dislike for the smell of tobacco and that the craving stops when they press ear points with herbal seeds on (This is called ear acupuncture where either herbal seeds or metal studs are plastered on to certain points on the ears).

Alcoholism, like smoking, can cause irreversible damage to all major organs in the human body, although a moderate amount of alcohol under certain circumstances can be beneficial for health. Chinese medicine treats any withdrawal symptoms and reduces the craving. It has no side effects.

Acupuncture stimulates detoxification, promotes a heightened sense of relaxation, and encourages endorphin production, which makes it an excellent tool for overcoming addiction. Herbal medicine helps the body to cope with stress, improves circulation and promotes mental and physical alertness.

Treatment for addiction can be effective only if the patient is determined to change. The length of treatment depends on the patient's response and on the severity and duration of the addiction. Drug addiction can also benefit from Chinese medical treatment.

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NOTE:This document may be freely redistributed as is - no edits, on the strict condition that the author and author information be printed with the article with active links intac.

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The Author 'Acumedic' has over 30 years of experience developing and enhancing all aspects of Chinese medicine, Acupuncture and traditional herbal treatments. With an extensive range of Products and Services Acumedic is one of the most comprehensive suppliers in Europe. For more Information please visit http://www.acumedic.com.

2007-02-04T12:35:00.000Z

USING CHINESE HERBS FOR HEALTH

Author: Michelle Bery

The history of Chinese herbs used for medicinal purposes dates back to sometime between 800 and 200 BC with the publication of Huang Di Nei Jing - The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine. At this time, a combination of 28 separate Chinese herbs had been discovered to have great healing power and the combination of many of these are still in existence today.

By around 500 AD, Chinese herbs had been sorted into a classification system that helped guide their use depending on the particular situation. Superior herbs were used to help sustain health - much as we use herbal and vitamin supplements today; middle herbs were used to treat illness; and inferior herbs were used to cure disease. Chinese herbs have been credited with successfully treating everything from acne to infertility.

In today's world, where traditional medicine tends to focus on the methods employed in Western medicine, much of the uses of Chinese herbs are largely passed over. But for those who look towards non-traditional medicine as a means of recovering health or even as a supplement to traditional medical care, they will find the benefits of Chinese herbs to be rooted in ancient knowledge and a history of success.

Chinese herbs can be found in a variety of places including medical offices following the Eastern practice of medicine, Asian markets, and even online. But the use of Chinese herbs, while most often safe, should be used under the guidance of a medical professional and after extensive research has been performed.

If there is an interest in using Chinese herbs to help supplement health or treat an existing condition, it is best to research those herbs that have shown success in these particular instances. Seek out a medical professional or someone well-versed in the use of Chinese herbs to determine the best way to proceed.

When Chinese herbs are used in conjunction with education, preparedness, and medical supervision, they can be a fantastic tool to achieving overall, natural health.

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2007-01-27T17:00:00.000Z

Treating Chronic Mutational Hepatitis B with Chinese Medicine Vitalliver (Vigconic Suppositories)

by: ZHANG GUAN HUA, LIANG CHAO, ZHENG WAN PIN

Treating chronic mutational hepatitis B with Chinese medicine Vitalliver (Vigconic suppositories)
ZHANG GUAN HUA, LIANG CHAO, ZHENG WAN PIN
Chengdu University of TCM, Hepatitis Laboratory in the attached hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan, China

Research Method:

Quantitative determination by contrasting HBV-DNA of cases before and after the treatment.

Number of cases: 25 (n)

Case Selection: Between the age of 16 and 65, in accordance with the diagnosis standards pf chronic Hepatitis B, with negative e antigen and positive e antibody, HBV-DNA > 1×104 cp/mL.

Detection Method: All the blood samples are detected by Sichuan Clinical Detection Center; PCR-ELISA quantitative determination is used within detection range of 1×104 - 1×107-8, HBV-DNA, unit of measurement is cp/mL.

Direction Plan: one suppository provided by Vigconic (International) Ltd. Bid. The course of treatment is six months, the tracing observation after withdrawal lasts six months.

Observation index:

HBV-DNA response after the treatment.
Lasting HBV-DNA response (six months after withdrawal).

Criterion of Therapeutic Effect:

If HBV-DNA volume 1×104 cp/mL: 4/25 (16%)
Lasting response:

HBV-DNA volume 1×104 cp/mL: 2/25 (8%)

Among the results of lasting response, 16 blood serum samples are detected through fluorimetric quantitative determination PCR by the instruments of PE.USD, H-7700 in the second attached hospital of Guangzhou Medical College. The result is in accordance with that in Sichuan Clinical Testing Center. (8 cases among it <>

Conclusion

The reason for the repeatedly abnormal liver function of Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients lies in the repeatedly duplication of HBV after infection, which leads to fibrosis of liver, then cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is commonly accepted that if CHB shows the transformation of HBeAg/Anti-HBe, HBV-DNA becoming negative, liver function returning to normal state, the disease is relieved. However, parts of patients with the transformation of HBeAg/Anti-HBe still remain positive in HBV-DNA and the pathological change in the liver continues. Because HBV-DNA occurs promoter mutation in the anterior C section (1896 necleoside G-A variation) or in the C section (1762 nucleoside T variation, 1764 G-A variation), HBeAg cannot come into being. Therefore, the HBeAg in the patient’s blood cannot be detected, while the virus can keep on duplicating and fixing itself. Through sequential assay of nucleic acid, it proves that promoter mutation appears in 30%-60% of HBeAg negative Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) in the anterior C section or in the C section. In some provinces and cities of the People of China, the percentage of promoter mutation appears in HBeAg negative Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) in the anterior C section or in the C section is from 17.6% to 78.9%. Eight out of the 25 cases of our observation go through the sequential assay of nucleic acid carried out by the Department of Microbiology of the University of Hong Kong. It all proves to have HBV-DNA mutation. The chronic mutational Hepatitis B is infectious and apt to cause cirrhosis and liver cancer since the present medicines of antivirus and immuno-modulator do not produce the expected therapeutic effects.

Vitalliver suppository is made up from a formula of Chinese herbs, including Ginseng, Deer Horn, Cordyceps, Radix Astragali, Frudctus Cnidii, Semen Cuscutae, etc. The formula is mainly for strengthening the body resistant and primarily for reinforcing Kidney Qi, which produces good therapeutic effects in treating chronic mutational Hepatitis B. The mechanism is probably that through the regulating of immune system, the duplication of virus is inhibited and meanwhile the liver is protected, so it can produce a lasting therapeutic effect. No adverse reaction and severe accident happens during clinical observation, so it is safe for using. Vitalliver is bringing hopes to the treatment of chronic mutational Hepatitis B.

* The second stage of clinical trial would be carrying out by the Microbiology Department of the University of Hong Kong and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

2007-01-06T22:07:00.000Z

Acupuncture - Good Science Or Ancient Chinese Paradigm by Brian Winkels

The system of inserting and manipulating needles into the human body is known as acupuncture and according to its foundational teachings it helps to maintain and restore health and well-being and is particularly beneficial in the handling of aches and pains.

The World Health Organization has defined and classified acupuncture points and recognizes acupuncture as a medical alternative. It is well known that the origins of acupuncture lie in China and are closely related to most historic Chinese medicines. In addition, there are other forms of acupuncture such as the Japanese, Korean as well as classical Chinese versions which are not only currently being practiced but also taught all around the world today.

The scientific community has been taken a bit by storm while delving into the possibilities of whether acupuncture is actually effective or merely a panacea. There has been many reviews of existing clinical trials which suggest it's effectiveness against headaches, lower back pain and nausea. On the other hand, sufficient evidence has not surfaced to conclusively determine if acupuncture is effective in the treatment of other medical conditions. Nevertheless, there does seem to be a consensus that acupuncture is safe when performed by a well-trained practitioner.

In China, acupuncture dates to the 1st millennium. There is also archeological evidence to clearly show that it could date back as far as the Han Dynasty. Other data also indicates that traditional Korean medicine was known as chimsul while Japanese versions were referred to as Kampo.

Acupuncture doesn't follow the traditional scientific bio-medicine path; rather, it's more of a paradigm whereby it's primary premise centers around the human body as a whole system that involves many sub systems of function. These systems are often associated with physical organs, although some systems do function, such as the triple heater - San Jiao, is not associated with any physical organ.

Disease is considered the end of homeostasis, a defect that develops in the various systems of function and in order to treat such disease, an attempt is made to modify the malfunction using one or more systems through the use of needles, pressure and heat on the body's receptive areas localized as acupuncture points. This is referred to as "treatment of patterns of disharmony".

Surprisingly, it's not necessary for acupoints to be on the same area of the body. One explanation is because many acupuncturists, especially those in Japan, are heavily dependent on palpation of tender or ashi points. The basic theory behind this form of treatment is that it works by stimulating the meridian system(s) and provides relief through rebalancing the qi, yin and yang. This philosophy is not based on science but rather thousands of years of real world results.

2007-01-04T22:00:00.000Z

Acupressure Or Acupuncture - Fingers Or Needles

by Brian Winkels

Acupressure and acupuncture are not one in same techniques. They differ slightly because acupuncture makes use of thin needles in approaching health concerns while acupressure never breaks the skin. On the other hand, they do a have a few things in common. For instance, both are centered on touching meridians which carry energy or chi along those meridians right through an individuals' body.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) clearly states that illness occurs due to the blockage of chi in any of fourteen different meridians. Acupressure and acupuncture both advocate the free flow of energy without obstructions. Both methods are used to treat arthritis, allergies, migraine headaches, depression, menstrual cramps, nausea and anxieties.

Because acupuncture uses very thin, long needles to puncture the skin it should be performed by an experienced practitioner who is skilled in traditional Chinese medicine. Acupressure is much less technical; it can therefore be learned from a book and may even be; in some instances, performed on oneself. Somewhat surprisingly, acupressure was practiced long before acupuncture became known.

In addition, since acupuncture requires the skilled use of a tool (needles) it requires much greater accuracy in order to bring quick relief whereas acupressure is less precise since the only tool is the practitioners finger. Due to the release of toxins or through realignment of muscle groups, in some instances acupuncture can result in some short term, minor side effects.

Acupressure and acupuncture thus have different effects on the patient with acupressure having fewer side effects. This may be somewhat akin to deep tissue massages where there is also less chance of unforeseen side effects to the patient.

Acupressure and acupuncture are known as Zhen Jiu and Zhi Ya respectively. They are probably the best known of all traditional Chinese methods used in treating health imbalances. Acupuncture is now a very popular alternative therapy for arthritis pain relief and acupressure makes use of the same points while using the fingers to manipulate the meridian points.

By pressing down firmly with the thumb or finger on the groove that lies between the two large tendons running from the base of the palm up to the elbow, acupressure is often used to provide relief for those who are suffering from nausea. Acupuncture can also achieve the same results through the use of needles. Both methods have a long history of success and neither is better than the other, it's simply a matter of opinion as to which method is best.

2007-01-03T21:30:00.000Z

ACUPUNTURE & non-Healing Skin Wounds

General treatment information for non-healing skin Wounds (Ulcers):

Acupuncture treatments are done daily (Monday through Friday) by Dr. Swing in conjunction with conventional wound care as an outpatient at Bon Secours-St. Joseph Hospital - Pt. Charlotte, Florida.

You can actually see visible changes in the wound by the end of your FIRST TREATMENT. For the majority of patients treated, only four acupuncture needles are used. All needles used by Dr. Swing are one time use only - disposable needles.

The healing time and care involved varies, depending on the size of the wound (ulcers), age and health of the patient and the amount of blood flow to the wound.

Arrangements have been made with a local hotel for a preferred rate to be offered (based on availability) to patients traveling from out-of-town needing accommodations. The hospital also has free transportation from the motel to the hospital for treatments.

How does Medical Acupuncture work?

Are there any side effects to the treatment?

Is acupuncture covered by health insurance?

2007-01-02T20:15:00.000Z

FIVE ELEMENTS THEORY

FIRE

Fire is the element of Summer and is associated with the emotion of Joy. Fire people love to reach out and be in relationship with all people. They enjoy to laugh and sometimes they carry a sadness or lack of joy deeper in themselves.

EARTH

Earth is the element of Late Summer and is associated with the emotion of sympathy. Earth people have the ability to nourish like a mother can nourish a child. Thus food and understanding are important. Sometimes an Earth person can feel a sense of emptiness or neediness in their own life

METAL

Metal is the element of Autumn and is associated with the emotion of grief . Metal people search for what is pure and spiritual. They set the highest standards for themselves and others, respect is important. Sometimes they live in a sense of what could have been.

WATER

Water is the element of Winter and is associated with the emotion fear. Water people have a persistence and determination and will often excel in situations that others find too scary. Sometimes they may hide a deep sense of being frozen or washed away by their own fear.

WOOD

Wood is the element of Spring and is associated with the emotion anger. Wood people excel or have trouble in planning, decisions, and action.
The future and their ability to see it can be their strength. When out of balance they may procrastinate or have a sense of no hope.

2006-12-31T11:18:00.000Z

Yin-Yang Symbol (Tai Chi symbol)

Yin and Yang in Acupuncture and in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

The idea of harmony and balance are also the basis of yin and yang. The principle that each person is governed by the opposing, but complementary forces of yin and yang, is central to all Chinese thought. It is believed to affect everything in the universe, including ourselves.

Traditionally, yin is dark, passive, feminine, cold and negative; yang is light, active, male, warm and positive. Another simpler way of looking at yin and yang is that there are two sides to everything - happy and sad, tired and energetic, cold and hot. Yin and yang are the opposites that make the whole. They cannot exist without each other and nothing is ever completely one or the other. There are varying degrees of each within everything and everybody. The tai chi symbol, shown above, illustrates how they flow into each other with a little yin always within yang and a little yang always within yin. In the world, sun and fire are yang, while earth and water are yin. Life is possible only because of the interplay between these forces. All of these forces are required for the life to exist. See the table below to understand the relationship between yin and yang.

Yin Forces/Aspects Yang Forces/Aspects

Dark Light
Moon Sun
Water Fire
Passive Active
Descending Ascending
Female Male
Contracting Expanding
Cold Hot
Winter Summer
Interior Exterior
Heavy Light
Bone Skin
Front Back
Interior of Body Exterior of body

The yin and yang is like a candle. Yin represents the wax in the candle. The flame represents the yang. Yin (wax) nourishes and supports the yang (flame). Flame needs the wax for its existence. Yang consumes yin and, in the process, burns brightly. When the wax (yin) is gone, the flame is gone too. Ying is also gone at that time. So, one can see how yin and yang depend on each other for their existence. You cannot have one without the other.

The body, mind and emotions are all subject to the influences of yin and yang. When the two opposing forces are in balance we feel good, but if one force dominates the other, it brings about an imbalance that can result in ill health.

One can compare the concept of yin and yang to the corresponding principle of tridoshas in Ayurveda, the ancient remedy from India. Ayurveda proposes that every person has vata, pitta and kapha. When these are balanced, there is the state of perfect health. When there are imbalances then there is disease.

One of the main aims of the acupuncturist is to maintain a balance of yin and yang within the whole person to prevent illness occurring and to restore existing health. Acupuncture is a yang therapy because it moves from the exterior to the interior. Herbal and nutritional therapies, on the other hand, are yin therapies, as they move from the interior throughout the body. Many of the major organs of the body are classified as yin-yang pairs that exchange healthy and unhealthy influences.

Yin and yang are also part of the eight principles of traditional Chinese medicine. The other six are: cold and heat, internal and external, deficiency and excess. These principles allow the practitioner to use yin and yang more precisely in order to bring more detail into his diagnosis.

2006-12-31T00:13:00.000Z

Can Acupuncture Help You?

Author: Liz Langdon

Article:
Acupuncture is one of the oldest, most commonly used holistic
healing methods in the world. The method originated in China
more than 2,000 years ago and is one of the basic healing arts
in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).

The practice of Acupuncture involves the insertion of fine,
solid metallic needles into specific points along special
pathways that run throughout the human body.

These specific points are called acupuncture points or
"acupoints." The special pathways are called "meridians" or
"channels."

Once the needles are inserted into the acupoints, they are
manipulated by hand (plucked, twisted) or by low-voltage
electricity.

The symptoms or the type of illness the patient has determine
which acupoints are selected for treatment.

According to TCM, the stimulation of the acupoint by the
acupuncture needle releases or energizes the flow of "Qi," the
vital energy or life force of the body. As the flow of Qi
returns to normal, the health of the body is re-established.

Acupuncture as a treatment method has undergone many clinical
studies in the Western World. The method has gained medical
approval for many specific treatments, although modern science
has yet to explain "how it works."

One of the most common uses is for prevention and management of
post-operative nausea and vomiting (Anaesthesia 2004 Feb;
59 (2): 142-9).

Several studies have also found that acupuncture significantly
reduces nausea and vomiting for cancer patients receiving
chemotherapy (Integrative Cancer Therapies 2005 June; 4
(2): 131-43).

Acupuncture significantly improved fatigue and anxiety in a
study of fibromyalgia patients (Mayo Clinical Proceedings
2006 Sep; 8: (9)).

In another clinical trial, patients with osteoarthritis of the
knee showed improvement in function and pain relief after 26
weeks of acupuncture treatment (Annals of Internal
Medicine 2004 Dec 21; 141 (12): 901-10).

Patients with chronic, non-specific low back pain reported being
pain free at least 12 months out of 24 and had been less likely
to use pain medication with acupuncture treatments (Health
Technology Assessment 2005 Aug; 9 (32): iii-iv, ix-x, 1-108).

In a report from Norway in 2002, women in normal, active labor
were offered acupuncture as a means of pain control instead of
traditional pain relief such as an epidural. The results showed
that not only did acupuncture reduce the pain experienced during
labor, it also reduced delivery time (Acta Obstetricia et
Gynecologica Scandinavica 2002 Oct; 81 (10): 943-8).

Many additional studies are posted on the PubMed website
accessible through the http://www.nccam.nih.gov">National Center for
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM).

Today's medical establishment has a difficult time accepting a
treatment that seems to work, but has no scientific
documentation on how it works. This viewpoint keeps a
viable alternative method of pain control from being prescribed.
A larger percentage of the population should be receiving the
benefit of this natural, holistic treatment - acupuncture.

Regrettably, it is not.

2006-12-28T00:33:00.000Z

Chinese Medicine Can Provide An Effective Hot Flash Remedy

Author: Linda Bruton

Article:
There is no way to completely avoid hot flashes, but turning to
a hot flash remedy may help ease the intensity and severity of
an attack. It doesn't matter whether or not a doctor prescribes
the hot flash remedy or the treatment is more of a natural
alternative. It never hurts to consider some of the methods
available to the public when it comes to finding an effective
way to relieve hot flashes.

When looking for a worthy hot flash remedy, many people are
turning to the healing properties of Chinese medicine. These
kinds of remedies would exclude the use of man-made chemicals
and drugs. The practice of Chinese medicine has long been used
to deliver a very effective hot flash remedy to women. While
menopause is viewed as one of the main culprits, there are
numerous varieties of hot flashes. For each one, the Chinese
have a description and different approach aimed at providing
relief in a holistic and healthy way.

If you choose to seek out help from the wisdom of Chinese
medicine, you will notice that a Chinese doctor will ask you
questions concerning all areas of your health history. A
complete physical will also take place. You may notice that
special care is taken in analyzing the tongue and your pulse.
After this battery of tests and assessments is complete, the
doctor will determine the type of menopause you are suffering
from. This will also help settle on the best course of action in
providing you with a hot flash remedy.

What to Expect

When entering the world of Chinese medicine, you will most
likely encounter either acupuncture or an herbal hot flash
remedy. Through acupuncture, a doctor will tap into your inner
spirit and energy. Many consider this approach extremely
effective. When dealing with an herbal hot flash remedy, you may
ingest a wide range of herbs that are combined to provide a
well-rounded treatment.

Most often, these herbs are consumed in the form of tea. Some of
the ingredients a doctor may use include ginseng, red raspberry
leaves, evening primrose oil, licorice root, spearmint,
chasteberry, black cohosh and wild yams. These Chinese herbs
have been highly regarded when it comes to a hot flash remedy
and have been used for many centuries.

2006-12-22T02:06:00.000Z

Acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine:

The Philosophy of the Dao

Dao is often described as "the path" or "the way of life" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and acupuncture, just as its counterpart in ancient India, Ayurveda. The laws of the Dao advocate moderation, living in harmony with nature and striving for balance. Ancient Chinese believed that moderation in all areas of life is essential to a long and fruitful life. We are "fueled" by three treasures: Qi or Chi (pronounced chee), Shen, and Jing. Chi is energy or vital substance, Shen is the spirit, and Jing is our essence. Qi is both the life force (or vital substance) and the organizing principle flowing through all things and establishing their interconnectedness. Chinese believe that every living thing (both human and non-human) has qi. In the body, qi is found in the heart and lungs in circulating blood and oxygen. Shen is the treasure that gives brightness to life and is responsible for consciousness and mental abilities. Sometimes it is compared to soul. Within the individual shen is manifested in personality, thought, sensory perception, and the awareness of self. Jing is responsible for growth, development and reproduction. Jing represents a person's potential for development. (comparable to western concept of genetical inheritance). Chinese believed that everyone is born with a finite amount of Jing. As we go through life, we lose or consume our Jing little by little. Once we lose Jing, it cannot be replaced. It is gone for ever. We lose Jing if we live a wrong or careless living. But Jing can be preserved if we live in moderation. Acupuncture can reduce the loss of Jing.

Role of Acupuncturist in Traditional Chinese Medicine

According to the philosophy of Dao, the role of the acupuncturist is to restore your health and enable you to live a little closer to the Dao, thus preserving your Jing and living to a ripe old age. A number of factors can contribute to the depletion of Jing. Living a life of excess, drinking too much, excessive emotional reactions, working too hard, inappropriate sexual behavior, etc. all were believed to result in the depletion of Jing. Balance in all things was considered the key to good health and long life.

In order to increase their understanding of the Dao, the Chinese developed two concepts that together form the basis of Chinese thought: yin and yang and the more detailed system of the five elements.

2006-12-13T16:49:00.000Z

The Dialects of Chinese

What are usually called the "dialects" of Chinese are really separate languages, all descended from the Chinese of the T'ang Dynasty. They are all about as far apart from each other now as English and Dutch. However, they are all written with the same characters (with some exceptions), which means that an educated person can understand (mostly) their written forms, and for cultural and political reasons, as well as their historical origin, are regarded by the Chinese as part of the same language.

The picture of the languages has changed somewhat over the years. Older sources (e.g. John DeFrancis, The Chinese Language, Fact and Fantasy, Hawaii, 1984; S. Robert Ramsey, The Languages of China, Princeton, 1987; and Nathan Sivin, editor, The Contemporary Atlas of China, Houghton Mifflin, 1988) say that there are seven different languages, or six, since sometimes Gan is linked with Hakka, or with Xiang. More recently, Lynn Pan, in The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas [Harvard, 1999], lists ten languages, where Jin is separated from Mandarin, Hui from Wu, and Pinghua from Yue. Now, however, in The Sino-Tibetan Languages (edited by Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla [Routledge Language Family Series, Routledge, London, 2003]), Jerry Norman ("The Chinese Dialects: Phonology") states, "If one takes mutual intelligibility as the criterion for defining the difference between dialect and language, then one would have to recognize not eight [or seven, etc.] but hundreds of 'languages' in China" [p.72]. This appears to resolve the issue. What previously were regarded as separate languages, like Cantonese, are in fact families of languages. It is therefore not surprising that the "splitters" (those who like to divide groups, as opposed to "lumpers," who like to combine groups -- a typological difference) should begin to divide the old languages into new ones. If there are really "hundreds" of languages involved, however, further splitting becomes pointless.

Within each of the groups of languages, there are also true dialects, which means that they are mutually intelligible. In Pan's book and The Sino-Tibetan Languages many dialects are shown for all the language groups. The confusion over all this -- couldn't everyone tell what forms of speech are mutually intelligible? -- was certainly due to the difficulties of doing research in China in the 20th century. From revolution, to war, to revolution, to totalitarianism, China until recently was not the best place for graduate students wandering around with tape recorders asking strange questions. Such behavior would often have evoked suspicion, arrest, or worse.

The table gives a classification of languages and dialects based on a combination of older sources and The Sino-Tibetan Languages. The 10 languages identified on the map from Pan's The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas are given in boldface; but the overall organization is in terms of the three groups and six "dialect familes" of The Sino-Tibetan Languages [p.6]. While Gan and Xiang and now definitely separated, Hakka has come to be included under Gan -- though this is not consistently seen in the book. Some population figures are given for the older seven language classification. These are given as percentages of the total Chinese speaking population, as a number in millions (M), and, from another source, as a number in thousands (k). These count those for whom the languages are their first languages. The figure of 952,000,000 speakers for Mandarin given elsewhere is for people who speak Mandarin at all. This is considerably larger than the 715 million number below, not just because the population has grown in the last twenty years, but also because Mandarin in the national language of China, taught in schools around the country. Areas where the languages are spoken are given after the language name(s). Names of cities and provinces in Pinyin are given in italics.

Northern
- Mandarin, North, Southwest, 71.5%, 715 M, 679,250 k
  - Northern
    - Northern, Peking [Beijing]
    - Jin, Shanxi
    - Northwestern, Kansu [Gansu]
  - Southern, Nanking [Nanjing]
  - Southwestern, Szechwan [Sichuan]
Central
- Wú, Shanghai, Zhejiang, 8.5%, 85 M, 80,750 k
  - Wú (I), Suzhou, Shanghai
  - Wú (II), Wenzhou, Chekiang [Zhejiang]
  - Hui, Anhui
- Gàn, Kiangsi [Jiangxi], 2.4%, 24 M, 22,800 k
  - Hakka, Guandong, Jiangxi, scattered, 3.7%, 37 M, 35,150 k
- Xiang, Hunan, 4.8%, 48 M, 45,600 k
  - Old Xiang, countryside
  - New Xiang, NW Hunan, cities
Southern
- Min³, Fukien [Fujian], 4.1%, 41 M, 38,950 k
  - Northern Min³, Foochow [Fuzhou], 1.3%, 13 M
  - Southern Min³, Amoy-Swatow, 2.8%, 28 M
- Yuè, Cantonese, Guandong, Guangxi, 5.0%, 50 M, 47,500 k
  - Pingua, Guangxi

Dialect Family	Initials	Finals	Tones	Syllables
Mandarin	16	39	4	2496
Gan	19	59	6	6726
Hakka	17	69	6	7038
Xiang	23	37	6	5106
Min	15	57	7	5985
Wu/Shanghai	27	50	7	9450
Yue/Cantonese	20	53	9	9540

It is noteworthy that the extension of Mandarin into the Southwest was in part the result of veterans being settled there after the Mongols were ejected from China and the Ming Dynasty founded.

The table is a comparison of dialect families from The Sino-Tibetan Languages [p.127]. The statistics, of course, are from representative languages in each group. I have rearranged the list to move the apparently more conservative languages towards the bottom of the table, though, of course, not all the indications are consistent. With the largest number of tones and of syllables, Cantonese wins as the most conservative, but then Xiang and Shanghai both have more initials than Cantonese -- and Hakka has an anomalously large number of finals and syllables. Mandarin has clearly undergone the greatest phonetic simplification.

2006-12-12T08:35:00.000Z

Examples of Dialect Differences Between
Peking, Shanghai and, Canton

In the table superscript numbers are the tones, and brackets contain Pinyin writings (with superscript tones where HTML does not contain the appropriate diacritic).

	Shanghai	Peking
p-	pu¹ "wave"	po¹ [bo¹]
p'-	p'u¹ "slope"	p'o¹ [po¹]
b-	bu² "old woman"	p'o² [pó]
t-	tong¹ "east"	tong¹ [dong¹]
t'-	t'ong¹ "be open"	t'ong¹ [tong¹]
d-	dong² "be alike"	t'ong² [tóng]
k-	kuong¹ "light"	kuang¹ [guang¹]
k'-	k'uong¹ "frame"	k'uang¹ [kuang¹]
g-	guong² "mad, wild"	k'uang² [kuáng]
	Cantonese	Peking
-t/0	kat^7a "cough"	k'e² (sou⁴) [ké(sòu)]
-t/0	pat^7a "brush"	pi³ [bi³]
-t/0	yüt^7b/8 "moon"	yüeh⁴ [yuè]
-t/0	yat^7a/8 "sun, day"	jih⁴ [rì]
-k/0	paak^7b "hundred"	pai³ [bai³]
-k/0	sik^7a "color"	(yen²)se⁴ [(yán)sè]
-k/0	kwok^7byü⁴ "national language"	kou²yü³ [guóyu³]
-p/0	t'aap^7b "pagoda"	t'a³ [ta³]
-p/0	yap⁸ "enter"	ju⁴ [rù]
-p/0	sap⁸ "ten"	shih² [shí]

The Wu dialect of Shanghai is noteworthy because it retains the distinction between voiced and unvoiced, aspirated and unaspirated stops that existed in T'ang Chinese. In Mandarin the voiced stops have disappeared. In these examples, the voiced stops have seen assimilated to the aspirated ones.

Cantonese is noteworthy because it retains from T'ang Chinese a greater variety of finals. In Mandarin, a syllable must end in a vowel or in n or ng. In Cantonese, syllables can also end in p, t, k, or m as well. Words borrowed from Chinese into Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese often also preserve evidence of the older final consonants. Thus "China" (Mandarin Zhongguó, "Middle Country") in Korean is Chung-guk and in Japanese Chû-koku. Both of them have an extra consonant in "country" where Mandarin doesn't -- but Cantonese (Jòong-gwok) does.

I had a lingustics professor once who said that you could get a kind of "instant Proto-Indo-European" by combining Greek vowels and Sanskrit consonants. Well, we can get a kind of "instant T'ang Chinese" by combining Shanghai initials and Cantonese finals. The evidence is poor for older versions of Chinese. Cantonese also preserves the larger number of tones that T'ang Chinese had. Mandarin only has four now, but Cantonese has six, or even nine if the tones of finals that end in stops are counted separately, which they sometimes are.

The most daring theory is that the Chinese of Confucius's day didn't even have tones. Evidence for this is that other members of the Sino-Tibetan language family do not have tones, while the nearby family of the Daic languages (like Thai) all have tones. In another adjacent language family, the Austroasiatic (Mon-Khmer) group, some languages have tones (like Vietnamese) and others do not. It is tempting to see the phenomenon as a South-East Asian Sprach Bund where the Daic tones have influenced some languages in the Sino-Tibetan and Austroasiatic families.

At left are examples of the Cantonese tones, using the notation in Teach Yourself Cantonese by R. Bruce [Teach Yourself Books, Hodder and Stoughton, 1970, 1976, pp.12-13]. Different tone symbols are not needed for the 7th, 8th, and 9th tones (in other treatments, as in the table above, the 7th and 8th tones are styled 7a and 7b, while the 9th tone becomes the 8th). These words will look different in A Concise Cantonese-English Dictionary by Yang Mingxin [Guangdong Higher Education Publishing House, 1999]. First of all, the latter uses an adapted Pinyin alphabet, where "x" is used for "s" and "g" for final "k." Second, although Pinyin introduced the use of Greek-like accents to show tones, the Dictionary reverts to the old Wade-Giles way of simply numbering the tones with superscripts. Also, the Dictionary uses simplified forms of some of the characters. I have used the unsimplified characters in Bruce where these are available. The Yale system of Romanization, with discussion of some alternatives (though not the Pinyin) is used in the English-Cantonese Dictionary, by Kwan Choi Wah, et al. [The Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 1991].

Dictionaries or grammars of Shanghai Chinese in English seem to all be out of print.

A nice example of a difference between Mandarin and Cantonese is a surname. This is Wú in the former, Ng in the latter. The Cantonese name is one of many words that are simply a syllabic ng. There is also a syllabic m in Cantonese, which is , "not," in Mandarin. That is the only word with that pronunciation in A Concise Cantonese-English Dictionary [pp.260-262]. Although it seems like there ought to be, there is no syllabic n in Cantonese. There is more than one character used for the Cantonese surname. At right, we see the traditional character first, then a recent simplified one to the right of the pronunciation. This was also the name of the Kingdom of Wu, one of the states of the Three Kingdoms Period in Chinese history, and of the modern language of Shanghai. At far right is an alternative character used, at least in Cantonese, for the surname. My only question is that the first character (with its simplification) and the second are pronounced differently. In Mandarin, the first has a 2nd tone, the second a 3rd. In Cantonese, the first has a 4th tone, the second a 5th (with the symbols used in Teach Yourself Cantonese). I originally learned of the two possible characters from a young woman whose name actually was Ng, but I didn't know then to ask about the different tones. Perhaps someone can help me out.

Note that the Cantonese spellings in the table above are from Teach Yourself Cantonese, while, as noted, A Concise Cantonese-English Dictionary uses a form of Pinyin adapted from Mandarin. Thus, words traditionally ending in t/k/p are written d/g/b in the latter.

2006-12-12T08:24:00.000Z

Conhecer a Escrita Chinesa

The Contrast between Classical and Modern Chinese

Although both ancient and modern Chinese are written with the same characters, the modern daughter languages have become very different from the ancient one. One of the most conspicious differences is just that the terse, monosyllabic nature of Classical Chinese has given way to many more particles, polysyllabic words, and periphrastic idioms. The following story, given in both Classical Chinese and a translation into modern Mandarin, illustrates the difference. This is also a salutary example for one's view of government, as Confucius indeed makes clear to his students. [I am unaware of the origin of this text.]

The modern Mandarin pronunciation is given for the Classical characters because the ancient pronuncation, indeed the pronunciation before the T'ang Dynasty, is unknown. Even that of the T'ang is reconstructed and uncertain. The extreme simplifiction of Mandarin phonology, which would render the Classical language ambiguous if used as a spoken language today (too many words now being pronounced the same), explains the polysyllablic character of the modern language and the reduction of many characters to morphemes.

The same Classical text that can today be read as Mandarin could as well be read with Korean, Vietnamese, or Japanese versions of the Chinese words, or the Korean, Vietnamese, or Japanese translations of the words. None of those languages is even related to Chinese, but since mediaeval, or even modern, Koreans, Vietnamese, and Japanese often wrote in Chinese, without, however, really speaking the language, their own renderings of the characters was customary. Since the ancient pronunciation of the Classical language is unknown, Sino-Korean, Sino-Vietnamese, and Sino-Japanese reading are really just as "authentic" for Classical Chinese as a Modern Mandarin reading. Indeed, much of our evidence for the T'ang pronuncation of Chinese is from the Korean, Vietnamese, and Japanese readings, which were contemporary borrowings.

For example, the character for "mountain," now read shan in Mandarin, turns up as san in Korean, in Vietnamese as so^. n or núi, and in Japanese as san, sen, zan, or yama -- the last versions in Vietnamese and Japanese being the native words. Similarly, we find the name of Japan itself, "Sun Source," as Rìben [Wade-Giles Jihpên] in Mandarin, Yatbóon in Cantonese, Ilbon in Korean, Nhâ.t-Bàn in Vietnamese, and Nippon or Nihon in Japanese. The Cantonese word is, of course, cognate to the Mandarin. The Korean, Vietnamese, and Japanese are all borrowings from Chinese, pronounced in the local manner. Native words for "sun" are hae in Korean, ma.t giò^. i ("face of the sky") in Vietnamese, and hi in Japanese (e.g. hi-no-maru, "circle of the sun," "sundisk"). The Japanese borrowed word for "sun" in isolation is nichi, but this is just the pronunciation of niti, where the final i as been added because Japanese syllables cannot end in t. In compounds, the i can drop out, so nichi-hon (*hi-moto in the unused pure Japanese reading) becomes nit-hon. At that point different things can happen. The t can be lost in assimilation to the h, getting us Nihon, OR the h can revert to its original p, with the t getting assimilated and doubled with it, getting us Nippon.

Another example concerns the present capital of Japan. The Míng capitals of China were Nánjing (Nanking) and then Beijing (Peking), which simply mean, respectively, "Southern Capital" and "Northern Capital." The capital of Japan from 794 to 1868 was Kyôto, which meant "Capital District." Then the capital was moved to Edo, which was renamed the "Eastern Capital." In Chinese that would be Dongjing. In Japanese, however, that is pronounced Tôkyô. In Vietnamese it is Ðông-Kinh (or Tonkin). The Vietnamese version preserves more of the Chinese consonants, but both Japanese and Vietnamese versions reveal that "capital" originally started with a k, which has become palatalized (to a j) in Mandarin. The k is also preserved in early modern Western versions of Chinese words, like "Nanking" and "Peking" themselves.

Chinese departments in colleges sometimes expect students to learn Mandarin even though they only want to read Classical Chinese or Sino-Korean, Sino-Vietnamese, or Sino-Japanese. This imposes a vast unnecessary burden on them, but even teachers and scholars of Chinese sometimes have trouble accepting that the ancient language is not the modern one and that the ancient language is part of the civilization of Korea, Vietnam, and Japan as much as of modern China. It is as though students of Latin were told they would have to learn Italian as well.

Once when Confucius was passing near the foot of Mount Tai in a chariot, there was a married woman weeping at a grave mound, and dolorously too. Confucius politely rested his hands on the front rail of the chariot and listened to her weeping. He sent Zilu (Tzu-lu) to inquire of her, saying; "From the sound of your weeping, it seems that you indeed have many troubles."

Classical Chinese:
Mandarin Translation:

Then the woman said; "It is true. My father-in-law died in a tiger's jaw; my husband also died there. Now, my son has also died there." Confucius said, "Why do you not leave this place?" The woman said: "Here there is no harsh and oppressive government."

Classical Chinese:
Mandarin Translation:
Classical Chinese:
Mandarin Translation:

2006-12-10T23:56:00.000Z

PARA OS NOSSOS AMIGOS DE LINGUA INGLESA

Description of Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a type of health care system. It is said that this system is in practice, especially in Chine, since more than 2,500 years. According to the acupuncture theory, disruptions in the energy flow patterns (Qi) in the body are considered as the main reason behind occurrence of disease. By acupuncture therapy these imbalances are corrected through puncturing identifiable points. Despite being in vogue in China for thousands years acupuncture was rarely used in the America till 1972. It was after 1972 (when President RM Nixon visited Chine) that the America and Europe started applying acupuncture techniques to Western medicines.

Acupuncture is a group of procedures that involves stimulating anatomical locations using various techniques. These anatomical locations (commonly known as points) can be on the skin or in the skin. The approach of diagnosis and treatment of diseases, through American acupuncture, is based on the medical traditions from other countries like China , Korea . Japan etc. The mechanism behind acupuncture treatment is to stimulate acupuncture points, through electrical stimulation or manual manipulation, by penetrating them with the help of solid but thin metallic needles.

Acupuncture Needles

In fact initially the acupuncture needles were categorized by the FDA ‘experimental medical devices’ in United States . However, now the acupuncture needles are regulated like other surgical devices. These needles are produced under good manufacturing practices and single-use sterility standards.

This is how Acupuncture works

Number of studies conducted on humans and animals produced positive results which show that acupuncture can make various biological responses that could be either local (at the site of application or close to application site) or at distance. Responses produced through acupuncture are mainly mediated through neurons to various structures within the CNS (Central Nervous System). This leads to pathways activation affecting different physiological systems, both physiological systems, in the brain and in periphery. Endogenous Opioids plays major role in acupuncture analgesia. There are proven results which show that opioid peptides are generated during acupuncture and they have partial affects in analgesic acupuncture effects. Acupuncture stimulation can activate pituitary gland and hypothalamus that could produce broad systemic effects. Some studies revealed that changes in the blood flow and alterations in neurohormones and neurotransmitters can be obtained through acupuncture stimulation. Some studies have proven that acupuncture stimulation can produce immune functions alterations. However, scientists are yet to decide on which physiological changes produce the clinical effects.

Medical conditions that could be treated with acupuncture

In America , acupuncture is practiced as a therapeutic intervention. There are differences between various researchers regarding use of acupuncture in treatment of various diseases. However, al most all researchers agree that acupuncture can produce useful effects. Following are some of the medical conditions in which use of acupuncture is commonly accepted by the researchers as an alternative treatment, part of comprehensive management program or adjunct treatment.

Nausea and vomiting (occurred as post-operative condition and chemotherapy treatment).
Post operative dental pain
Stroke rehabilitation
Addiction
Tennis elbow, osteoarthritis, myo-fascial pain, low back pain
Fibro-myalgia, menstrual cramps, headaches
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Asthma

Side effects of Acupuncture

Following are some of the commons side effects of the acupuncture.

Accidental puncture of lung that can lead to pneumothorax (partial collapse of lung)
Liver infection like viral hepatitis
Bacterial infection at site of application.

The above side effects can be avoided by maintaining good hygiene and obtaining the treatment from a qualified expert acupuncturist.

2006-12-07T01:05:00.000Z

Acunpuntura

Acupuntura é uma técnica milenar, de origem chinesa, cujo objetivo é curar as doenças através da aplicação e manipulação de agulhas que são introduzidas em pontos específicos do corpo humano situados em canais nos quais circula a energia.

A introdução das agulhas nos pontos específicos do corpo humano promove alterações em seu potencial elétrico permitindo que as energias sejam fortalecidas e equilibradas.
Estas são vigorosas quando existe saúde e circulam livremente pelos canais energéticos que envolvem o organismo humano.

2006-12-05T22:32:00.000Z

Qi e Energia: Tradução, Tradição, Traição

Dr. Marcus Vinicius Ferreira
médico acupunturista

Trabalho apresentado no III Congresso da Sociedade Médica Brasileira de Acupuntura
Santa Catarina, outubro de 1996

Introdução e Objetivo

A tradução dos termos pertencentes à Medicina Tradicional Chinesa (MTC) tem sido um dos fatores que dificultam a sua perfeita compreensão no Ocidente. Poucos acupunturistas tem a possibilidade de entender os ideogramas em seu sentido original, tendo que recorrer a traduções que não espelham fielmente o sentido encontrado em sua origem. Algumas destas traduções se tornaram clássicas, fazendo com que vícios de tradução fossem mantidos como verdade aceita, e transmitidos geração após geração de acupunturistas. Com o surgimento de sinólogos interessados em MTC, tornou-se possível o questionamento de alguns termos usados correntemente. Neste trabalho, iremos analisar como a tradução de "Qi" em "Energia" pode frustrar a real compreensão do sentido do ideograma.

Material e Métodos

Serão analisadas, em princípio, as origens e a formação etimológica do ideograma, seguindo-se a verificação do sentido deste ideograma em vários dicionários e compilações de ideogramas. Após o estabelecimento dos significados possíveis, inclusive comparando as opiniões dos sinólogos, passaremos a analisar as traduções constantes dos livros mais importantes sobre acupuntura, desde Soulié de Morant até a atualidade.

Resultado e Discussão

A Visão dos Dicionários

Somente uma das fontes consultadas [2] se refere ao termo "energia" como tradução para Qi, entre 31 (trinta e um) significados associados ao ideograma. Os significados mais comumente encontrados foram: air, atmosphere, breath, ether, essence, spirit, vapor, heart, feelings, disposition, temper, care, flavor [1,2,4]. Analisando a formação do ideograma, vemos que ele se compõe do radical Ch’i, cujo significado seria vapores que sobem do chão e formam nuvens acima [1] acrescentando-se ao radical o ideograma 3461 [2] significando "arroz". A leitura final seria "o movimento de uma substância invisível" [3]. A versão para o japonês do termo "energy" nos leva a "seiryoku"( associação dos ideogramas 3480 e 715), e não até "ki" (ideograma 2480) [2,4].

A Visão dos Sinólogos

J.Needham aponta a impossibilidade da perfeita tradução de Qi, preferindo citá-lo sem o traduzir. [12, 14]. M.Granet utiliza várias traduções, de acordo com o contexto onde é o termo é empregado [16-23]. O único sinólogo que insiste na tradução de Qi como "energia" é M.Porkert [40,41], no que é contestado diretamente por outros [14,26]. Alguns sinólogos mantém posições contraditórias, traduzindo Qi de formas diferentes em suas obras [5,6,7 e 12,13 e 14, 34-38]. Outros preferem definir Qi como um conceito, sem o traduzir [25,29,33]. Outros não chegam a uma conclusão quanto à definição (matéria? energia?) e à tradução [25,37 e 38]. Uma explicação do termo aplicada à MTC se encontra em P.Unschuld [28]. O significado mais comumente encontrado é breath (air) [7,24,28,30-32,37,38] ou souffle [16-23]. Alguns sinólogos contestam explicitamente o uso exclusivo de "energia" como tradução para Qi. [14,25,26,28].

A Visão dos Acupunturistas

S.de Morant define Qi como um "fluide", "influx", que traduz "faute de mieux", por "énergie". Notamos aí que a palavra "énergie" é utilizada textualmente por falta de um termo que possa melhor traduzir o sentido original do ideograma, sentido que não era desconhecido por S.de Morant [42]. A Escola Francesa que se desenvolve à partir daí passa a se referir ao Qi definitivamente como "energia", sem quaisquer questionamentos quanto à validade desta tradução [43,44,46]. Uma alteração no termo empregado vai ser encontrada eventualmente em Huard et als.(souffle vital)[45] e C.Larre e E.de la Vallée (souffle)[56]. Somente B.Auteroche e P.Navailh se referem à multiplicidade de traduções para Qi e adotam as possibilidades "Qi, sopro e energia" em seu texto [55]. Note-se que mesmo Van Nghi, apesar de sua origem oriental (vietnamita) cede ao uso de "energia" [44]. Y.Manaka e I.Urqhart também utilizam "energia" relativamente a Qi [47], o que demonstra não ser a tradução um problema exclusivamente encontrado nos autores ocidentais. "Essentials...", produzido em inglês na China, traduz como "vital energy" [54]. M.Porkert, escrevendo não como sinólogo e sim como praticante de acupuntura, passa a definir Qi como "a particular "constellation" of energy" [52]. T.Kaptchuk, J.O’Connor e D.Bensky assumem a impossibilidade de tradução adequada para Qi [49, 53]. Maciocia igualmente aponta a dificuldade de traduzir corretamente Qi, afirmando "...I have chosen to left it untranslated..." [58], mas cede ao costume e, na mesma obra, páginas adiante, qualifica Qi como "energia" [59-61]. J.Ross usa "Energia" em sua obra, mas, contraditoriamente, afirma "...o Qi tem atributos tanto energético quanto material." [57].

Conclusões

O uso exclusivo de "energia" como tradução para o termo Qi pode levar à incompreensão de todos os significados implicitos do ideograma. Dependendo do contexto onde é empregado, o significado real pode diferir sensivelmente, e consagrar uma tradução do ideograma em detrimento das outras possíveis faz com que o sentido do texto se torne fora do alcance, especialmente dos praticantes da MTC que não possuem noções da escrita chinesa. Ainda mais grave é a deturpação do sentido em que se emprega a palavra "energia", que em algumas situações adquire significação completamente diversa da encontrada nos textos chineses, até mesmo indo contra as bases culturais de onde se origina o termo Qi. Muitas vezes encontramos sentido de concretude onde a intenção do ideograma era abstrata, dando origem a termos questionáveis como: diagnóstico energético, patogenia e patologia energéticas, etc. É interessante notarmos a razoável incidência da expressão "energia vital" ou "força vital" como tradução para Qi [13,34,36,38,45,54], o que nos leva a supor ter havido influência do Vitalismo (doutrina que teve alguma importância do séc.XVII até o início deste século e que influenciou fortemente a homeopatia) no processo de incorporação da acupuntura à cultura ocidental. Atualmente alguns sinólogos estudam especificamente MTC, e existe maior interesse dos praticantes de MTC pela cultura e língua chinesa, o que traz novas possibilidades quanto à compreensão dos termos médicos pertencentes à cultura chinesa. A tradução imperfeita pode nos levar à má compreensão de aspectos por vezes fundamentais da MTC. Poderíamos então estabelecer a inconveniência da tradução dos termos que não têm contrapartida na cultura ocidental, tais como Qi, Yin, Yang, Jing, entre outros.