tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-365046702008-03-28T10:38:34.838-07:00John L. Sokol - computer expert, video, compression, information theory and all things cool.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-56772595125930282672008-03-28T10:18:00.000-07:002008-03-28T10:38:35.029-07:00I read "<a href="http://tech.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=08/03/28/1423225">Is Parallelism the New New Thing?</a>" on SlashDot this morning.<br /><br />You ever want to throw a brick at your monitor? I did, but I don't think my current employer would understand. Besides the new LCD screen just wouldn't have the satisfying implosion that the older CRT's had.<br /><br />It talks about a <a href="http://www.computingatscale.com/?p=54">blog post</a> by Bill McColl , maybe he's right about VC flocking to what they see as the latest. Maybe some day they will learn to jump in before the market gets saturated with clueless idiots.<br /><br />Back when I was a free man working for myself, I burned my last $100,000 in cash on trying to get aparallel processor startup <a href="http://www.enumera.com/">Enumera</a> off the ground in 2001. I guess at that time nothing I did could have worked anyhow since the streets in Silicon Valley were stating to run red with the blood of dying dot com's. You could almost set up a cot in the middle of the 101 during rush hour and take a nice quiet nap there was so few people left with jobs. Quite the contrast to the stop and go parking lot that it was the year before.<br /><br />As for the current state of technology<br /><br />I am still trying to figure out what the hell people are talking about with web 2.0?<br /><br /> With compuserver (1969), BBS's (1970's), UseNet, E-mail &amp; The Source (1979), The Well &amp; Q-link (1985) we have online communities this whole time. With IRC we have been IM Chatting since 1988.<br />And almost all of this existed over the IP based Internet starting around 1983 and starting in 1993 it became http/browser based. I have been using all of these early after their inception.<br /><br />What the hell is new about Web 2.0?<br />There isn't anything I can see new at all, not even a little just hype.<br />Am I missing something?<br /><br />Same with Parallelism.<br /><br />I was a member of the Parallel Computing Connection PPC a club run by Mitchell Loebel in Silicon Valley going back to 1989 that later renamed itself into the Tech Startup Connection <a href="http://www.techstartupconnection.org/" title="techstartu...ection.org">http://www.techstartupconnection.org/</a> . From that club things like the NUMA Architecture arose.<br /><br />Before that Thinking Machines Corporation by Danny Hillis 1982 with the "Connection Machine" and nCUBE.<br /><br />Earlier was Control Data Corporation (CDC) and Cray which although technically not parallel processors used parallel Arithmetic circuits.<br /><br />But even the Code breaking machines in WW2 used massive parallelism.<br /><br />Richard Feynman's work on the Manhattan project, in which in one of his books (I think is was "Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!") he describes a human assisted parallel computer with banks of Primitive IBM computers with humans moving stacks of punch cards between them to plow through the math needed to build the Bomb.<br /><br />Point being, that in all of the excitement of Internet for the average Joe we forgot about most of these technologies and are now returning to it.<br />So there isn't anything new here, just a rediscovery.<br /><br />How to use so many cpu's under Panic in Multicore Land March 11, 2008<br /><a href="http://developers.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=483070&amp;threshold=0&amp;commentsort=0&amp;mode=thread&amp;cid=22719658" title="slashdot.org">http://developers.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=483070&amp;threshold=0&amp;commentsort=0&amp;mode=thread&amp;cid=22719658</a><br /><br />Ask Chuck Moore About 25X, Forth And So On , Aug 28, 2001<br /><a href="http://slashdot.org/developers/01/08/19/1712249.shtml" title="slashdot.org">http://slashdot.org/developers/01/08/19/1712249.shtml</a>John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-20908895424682496312008-03-27T15:42:00.000-07:002008-03-27T15:48:45.726-07:00At my now dead startup Nisvara we where building Silent computers using passive cooling, and figure out how to build server rooms that didn't require air conditioning just outside evaporative cooling towers.<br /><br />Our designed cooled each component individually so we did profiling of each components power draw.<br /><br />I dont' have the numbers in front of me, but if I recall for a typical P4 3Ghz system we saw the total average power consumption at something like 75 watts when idle and 150 watts or more under load. With the ACPI on it would drop considerably when idle. (I am not including the monitors that also draw 75 watts or so)<br /><br />Again we were more interested in were heat was generated so we measured power dissipation per component which for all purposes is directly equivalent to watts used.<br /><br />We found watts for a component was quite different then the watts on the power line.<br /><br />Why? Because in this breakdown almost 40 to 50% of the power was lost in PC's power supply's!<br />Both main and on the motherboards on board supply's needed for the CPU and chip sets.<br />This was very high since most PC power supply were only 60% efficient!<br />So all loaded inside the PC show up as almost 2x on the 110 volt power line.<br /><br />So of the peak 150W coming in what's left after being stepped down is a remaining 80W or so.<br /><br />Hard Drive 12 watts assuming 1 80Gb Maxtor DiamondMax.<br />North and South Bridge, 1 to 6 watts<br />Support chips, almost 1 maybe 2 watts, things like the NIC and other support components were insignificant.<br /><br />CPU which could vary from 20 watts to 100 watts depending on it's load.<br /> Running like CPU burn, CPU test or CPU stress would max out the CPU's power, again with the power supply low efficiency an 80 watt increase in CPU power use results in an 160 Watt increase on the 110V power line! We didn't not expect this when we started.<br /><br />If you add a high end graphics (Nvidia/ATI) card then add on another 40 watts 2x so 80 watts on the power line.<br /><br />Another interesting thing was 10 watts for fans!<br /><br />Here is another unexpected result, the hotter the system ran the more power each component draw. This could add another 10% or so. So a cold system like just after power up uses less then a hot one.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-82692815376243448532008-03-24T10:58:00.000-07:002008-03-24T11:01:16.789-07:00<p>I saw Geoffrey A. Landis talking on "Alien Engineering," on the History channel, discussing the possibility of Antigravity.<span class="HcCDpe"></span></p> <p><span class="HcCDpe"></span></p> <span class="HcCDpe">I done believe in Aliens, or at least any no more then North Americans bother with monkeys in Africa, but I got to thinking.<br /><br />Any race of of aliens would have to be +1000 to +1,000,000 or more years ahead of us.<br />It's very likely their concept of a "being" and life would have to be radically different then our current understanding.<br />Just as we are progressing towards being more machine based, the next evolutionary levels beyond would have to be even more robust, flexible and adaptable.<br /><br />There would be a strong likelihood that Aliens would not be bound to a specific form or medium.<br />There individual entities could be exist as some solid state medium (like our Silicon based RAM but based on quantum like computers)<br />They could then grow themselves into a biological form (flesh) or convert them back to some information based medium as needed. Possibly even transmit them selves as a electromagnetic wave based signals.<br /><br />Maybe they have even found some way to be in some form of plasma or other non-matter energy based existence that we can't even comprehend at this point.<br />Point being they wouldn't be tied to flesh and blood, but exist more as information and software then animal.<br /><br />So just like our software, that could be in the form of RAM, Hard disk, CD, USB Flash drive, or sent over the internet or radio signals their whole beings could be just as flexible.<br /><br />They should be able to assume forms optimized for 0G , 1G or even 9000+G and transform themselves as needed for the given situation as easily as we would don a coat and gloves on a cold day.<br /><br />Same with vehicle's and modes of transportation. They could easily fabricate physical aircraft or plasma based crafts on demands, when needed. I am also sure that they would have to have solved there energy requirements also, so they would have unimaginable large amounts energy available for propulsion. (Power to weight ratio's approaching infinity)<br /><br />In any case, it very unlikely that they would require the use of an Anti Gravity device or even need to violate any of the physics that we currently understand to accomplish many of the feats that we credit UFO's with.</span>John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-56562471365856119672008-03-20T10:47:00.000-07:002008-03-20T10:50:29.573-07:00hypothetically speaking, let say some big name science fiction authors were willing to allow there older stories to be made into Copyleft films done in a similar production quality as I-Robot, Blade runner, StarWars or StarTrek.<br /><br />Would it be possible to raise enough to produce a big budget film that has a LGPL type license on it?<br />Possibly as a Non-profit where authors are paid there typical fees and actors, are paid typical fees but no investors, just grants and donations? Proceeds would be wrapped back in to produce the next movie. Sort like PBS and NPR.<br /><br />How could money be raised? What are the ramifications? How to bootstrap such a project and get it played in theaters and legally distributed free on the net?<br /><br />It's an interesting concept, but could it really work?<br />Imagine what this would do the the RIAA and the film industry.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-56503149096798923952008-03-17T01:28:00.000-07:002008-03-17T01:56:45.398-07:00<span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Spam Domains on Blogger</span><br /><br />We have been working on some new scheme's to trace spam by it's payload<br />My project names are (<a href="http://www.maildr.com/">http://www.maildr.com</a>) (<a href="http://www.unmailed.com/">http://www.unmailed.com</a>) and (<a href="http://www.unmailable.com/">http://www.unmailable.com</a>)<br />There have been many very interesting things uncovered and I think we have a way to product better blacklists.<br /><br />Currently my server is getting about 15 Gb of SPAM per day, and almost out ways all of my web traffic combined. Thank goodness Q-mail is solid.<br /><br />Every since we started to post a list, there has been a sharp increase in DOS attacks, random password guessing and the like. As well as several letters including threating legal action!!!<br /></span><a href="http://www.unmailed.com/spamdomains/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.unmailed.com<wbr>/spamdomains/index.html</a><br /><br />Interesting thing is almost no one have even viewed the page with that list! So it seems it only the spammers them selves paying attention.<br /><br />How are we sure these are spams? Simple. These were sent to Domains that don't get E-mail.<br />or nonexistent user accounts. These are domain that were never previously owned, so it's not some legacy thing either. For example they will send to bob@maildr.com , and sales@maildr.com and info@maildr.com<br />Well there has never been any of these accounts, they just guessed them or someone just made up some and sold it to some poor sap that now is trying to spam to these worthless not legitimate Email accounts.<br />Others are honey pots, where the addresses are hidden on pages in white text on a white background, so only bot's could find them, or also hidden in comment fields.<br />There are other tricks too.<br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;">In the mean time we found many of these spam payloads send users to this very Google blog site! Yes blogspot, aka blogger.com !!!Below is the list we have so far.</span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><b><br />686 subdomains!<br /><br /></b>abendrothniall2382.blogspot.com<br />abigailrichardson730935.blogspot.com<br />acbdpfudna44.blogspot.com<br />addisonhughes441926.blogspot.com<br />adelinestoberk852.blogspot.com<br />adolphmbrockville.blogspot.com<br />aeabogdogg74.blogspot.com<br />agnespicardcg.blogspot.com<br />agodnnutp62.blogspot.com<br />ahgrhpddht77.blogspot.com<br />aishaglossonmc.blogspot.com<br />akhgxdtox36.blogspot.com<br />alexagarcia957175.blogspot.com<br />alexandraperez555977.blogspot.com<br />alexandrathompson184994.blogspot.com<br />alexisperry922994.blogspot.com<br />alfredabalickieq.blogspot.com<br />alfredacastinedq.blogspot.com<br />alicepinor.blogspot.com<br />aliciabeiermp.blogspot.com<br />aliciathransc.blogspot.com<br />alishaherwigch937.blogspot.com<br />allisonacedohg878.blogspot.com<br />allisoncox829559.blogspot.com<br />allisonwhite579091.blogspot.com<br />allysonmckameyr.blogspot.com<br />altauydf328.blogspot.com<br />alyssacollins974154.blogspot.com<br />alyssafreiregt.blogspot.com<br />amablec0378.blogspot.com<br />amaliabowdenkt.blogspot.com<br />amaliahaackph.blogspot.com<br />ameliacox730209.blogspot.com<br />ameliaturner252324.blogspot.com<br />ameliawalker095502.blogspot.com<br />amiemaliszewskigq.blogspot.com<br />anahoseings791.blogspot.com<br />anastasiasmrekarth.blogspot.com<br />andreagonzalez029248.blogspot.com<br />angelinadaubertns421.blogspot.com<br />angelinesansonct315.blogspot.com<br />annacosciarp680.blogspot.com<br />annarussell670304.blogspot.com<br />annepaulihf798.blogspot.com<br />annettedewallnh.blogspot.com<br />aonkgsthce14.blogspot.com<br />apshfhuuc77.blogspot.com<br />aqddhmcboo21.blogspot.com<br />aqsbhtckbn63.blogspot.com<br />aracelibrezinskihc.blogspot.com<br />ardxdautdb47.blogspot.com<br />argurgbr31.blogspot.com<br />ariannaharris719633.blogspot.com<br 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/>willieconnorph.blogspot.com<br />xdfchncfqf87.blogspot.com<br />xdprgdbupm84.blogspot.com<br />xefptoddbx25.blogspot.com<br />xercrtbgcm12.blogspot.com<br />xfdpmckmdr24.blogspot.com<br />xngtsheme37.blogspot.com<br />xnqcdhpap88.blogspot.com<br />xppaoxoouc61.blogspot.com<br />xqcegrdosf58.blogspot.com<br />xqmgdesfp26.blogspot.com<br />xrncouqhh58.blogspot.com<br />xubrbsmmxc25.blogspot.com<br />xxpnxpntos16.blogspot.com<br />zoejohnson641661.blogspot.com<br />zxz7i87ax6yuh1.blogspot.com<br /><br /><b><br /></b></span>John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-37303449299318789062007-07-10T13:36:00.000-07:002007-07-10T13:50:15.028-07:00I had posted a idea I had about prime numbers back in Jan 2002, called <a href="http://www.dnull.com/%7Esokol/prime/conjecture1.html">Sokol's prime conjecture</a><br /><br />Will it looks like it has gotten a little attention.<br /><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td><span style="font-size:-1;"><b> Bill McEachen </b></span> </td> <td align="right"> <span style="font-size:-1;"><b> Wed, Jun 13, 2007 at 6:54 PM </b></span> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2"> <span style="font-size:-1;"> <div> To: sokol@videotechnology.com </div> </span> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="12" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span style="font-size:-1;">well, I realize I sent original email to email listed at your conjecture page<br /><br />anyway, to make a long story short, I basically came up with the same conjecture recently. I Googled and found you were 5 years ahead of me ...I was a bit disappointed until ...<br /><br /><br />I realized we both were wrong. I have formulated the proper conjecture and posted onto Wikipedia Talk page ...<br /><br />again to shorten, I submitted my first ever paper to The Journal of Number Theory<br /><br />Another fella has independently verified Conjecture holds thru 10^9, approx the first 51 million primes.<br /><br />For the exact wording, you can visit my wiki page at <a href="http://billymac00.pbwiki.com/main" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://billymac00.pbwiki.com<wbr>/main</a><br /><br />I am unsure about you, but math is not my specialty, just something I fiddle with<br /><br />I refer to your work in the paper<br /><span style="color:#888888;"><br /><br />Bill McEachen<br />Walnut Creek CA<br />CCCSD/POD</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><br />-------------------------------<br /><br />I made the mistake of forwarding this to a mathematician friend and it turned into a pissing contest very quickly.. Ops.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-1166632278913925162006-12-20T08:25:00.000-08:002006-12-20T08:33:37.680-08:00<a href="http://it.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/12/15/191205">From, Slashdot: 12/15/2006</a><br /><br />An anonymous reader writes <i>"Ever wondered, how P2P software like Skype directly exchanges data — despite the fact, that both machines are sitting behind a firewall that only permits outgoing traffic? Read about the <a href="http://www.heise-security.co.uk/articles/82481">hole punching techniques</a>, that make a firewall admin's nightmares come true."</i><br /><br />They link to an article:<br /><a href="http://www.heise-security.co.uk/articles/82481" target="_blank">http://www.heise-security.co<wbr>.uk/articles/82481</a><br /><br /><br />This is almost identical to what I am saying in my paper dated 6/3/2002<br /><a href="http://www.ecip.com/fwdoc.htm" title="ecip.com">http://www.ecip.com/fwdoc.htm</a><br /><br />This was a technique I pioneered, we had it in our one of our livecam video streaming products back in 1997.<br /><br />Now Skype is using it.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-1162862076696788012006-11-06T16:50:00.000-08:002008-03-20T11:33:12.619-07:00I am finally getting around to sharing my older code, stuff that really deserves to be free.<br /><br />Before I had many bad experiences with other people taking code I wrote and re-labeling it and getting credit. Now with Source Forge I feel a lot more confident. Not that this was the only thing holding me back. Part of it was time, management of the project, promotion of the project etc.<br /><br />So I finally posted my Afterburner web server. What a long long history there.<br /><br /><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/afterburner">Afterburner on Sourceforge</a><br /><a href="http://afterburner.sourceforge.net/">Home page there</a><br /><br />Since it's inception many other groups have chosen to use the Afterburner name. From Macromedia to bware's php plug-in. But I'm not changing the name. It's been that for 10 years now. I find it hard to believe all of these other Afterburners were named independently.<br /><br />Originally written in 1995/1996 when I had my little consulting company in Venice Beach.<br />It was discussed what would be needed to get the optimum performance from these early PC Unix servers.<br /><br />NCSA performance was lacking, this was before many of these other servers existed. My company specialized in high end support for web developers and ISP's just as the Internet was taking off.<br />So every major web site, when there server would have problems, I was almost always called in to find a solution. When working with DirectNet for hosting the Movie ShowGirls, there server was really having problems. It was an SGI high end something, and we actually had Kernel developers at DirectNet working to handle the 3 Million hits per day approx 3Mbps of bandwidth.<br /><br />It's at this time, out of frustration with this crappy SGI and bloated Netscape Commerce Server, that Afterburner was hastily written.<br /><br />The site was only 2MB is size, well small enough to fit into Ram. Only a few years earlier I had been working with 10 Mhz 286's with the Clarkston TCP/IP drivers and had no problem doing a sustained FTP transfers at 9.8Mbps, So I just didn't seem right to have system with 1/2 a Gig of ram, run out of memory and CPU at 3 Mbps.<br /><br />So I laid out the server and had Aryeh Friedman, code it up, It used a very simple scheme were the whole site it loaded into RAM, and uses a single process, single thread, looping around the select command to service many TCP connection at once.<br /><br />On a little crappy PC 90 Mhz we easily handled the 3 million hits per day from the Showgirls site. With a very small CPU load, while the same site would easily crash far more powerful servers.<br /><br />SGI did a bunch of PR on being able to handle the web traffic on that site, since it broke the record at that time.<br /><a href="http://www.dnull.com/%7Esokol/pnp1-sokol.html">http://www.dnull.com/~sokol/pnp1-sokol.html</a><br /><br />Eventually my video streaming took off, both Xing Streamworks and Livecam and the single threaded select design from Afterburner found it way into my video servers and even a chat server.<br /><br />The video lead us into the Adult business from 1996 to 1997, and Afterburner was supporting many large sites, but remained a underground and generally unknown to the Public.<br />For a while we were one of the largest consumer of bandwidth, but nobody noticed!<br />We were the First large scale Content distribution network.<br />We had banks of servers around the earth each pumping out 10 to 40 Mbps, maxing out many of the ISP's that hosted us. We supported free video to the top 2500 web sites and supporting 100's of millions of hits per day and millions of video viewers.<br /><br />Victoria Secret would get press that they did 37,000 viewers, everyone seemed to have problems viewing, and yet I would pull up our live stats and see 400,000 viewer watching live right now, and no reported would pay us any attention..... Enough Ranting.<br /><br />The ability to verify the referring page was very important because there were many other site that would just link to your images and you end up paying the bandwidth bill while they make money of membership or advertising.<br /><br />Afterburner would be able to deliver one image from the correct site and a totally different image when users come in from another site. Same with the video also.<br /><br />In late 1997 we sold off everything that was associated with Adult to a group of Italians from New York and we left for Korea.<br /><br />While in Korea, I added improvements to the livecam and we had been promised Investment there, but shortly after arriving, the Korean economy there imploded...<br /><br />In 1998 Digital Video Broadcast Systems was formed, to take the several technologies we developed into a Public Company. The idea was to get back on track with the SDSN business plan I had from 1995. This was to build a Symmetrically Distributed Server Network, what is now called a CDN content distribution network.<br />I realized there really were four technologies needed to make this whole system fly, and we developed each piece.<br /><br />1.) High Performance Servers, Afterburner met that need.<br />2.) Video Compression , Livecam and other video tech we pioneered<br />3.) Access to Bandwidth. SDSN did that with 100's of Co-lo's<br />4.) A communications protocol better then TCP/IP that wouldn't stall or load down a server as much. ECIP did that <a href="http://www.ecip.com/">ECIP.com</a><br /><br />With these 4 pieces we would be able to compete with the TV broadcast stations.<br />P2P was also possible with ECIP, and part of that was called "Client Proxy"<br />What is now referred to as a Web accelerator... Where the servers would gather up content, and compresses it, send it over error corrected UDP and them make it available to the local web browser as regular content from localhost. So 127.0.0.1 would be returned by the DNS lookups for all web hits...<br /><br />Preliminary US patents were submitted in 1997 on Afterburner but were not followed up on because of financial problems.<br /><br />Later a patent was filed on the improved version, WIPO PCT Number "WO 00/41455" filled with the World Intellectual Property Organization - official filling date July 20 2000. -- <a href="http://www.dnull.com/afterburner/AFTERBUR.DOC">Afterburner Patent Doc</a><br />I don't think this patent was ever filed correctly though either because soon after the company fell apart.<br /><br />In late 1998 we hired Jef Poskanzer, the author of the high-performance server 'thttpd' to clean up Afterburner and benchmark it. He made lot of improvements.<br /><br />In early 1999 we paid a company called MindCraft $20K to Benchmark Afterburner using 24 NT servers acting as Load Generators. We got amazing specweb numbers surpassing there best expectations. We found that they couldn't generate enough load to really show the try capacity of our server.<br /><br />We reach 3600 Ops per sec in the SPECWeb96 benchmark, but that was all they could generate, this was about 321 Mbps on a single Intel 450Mhz P4 Xeon processor. In our own internal benchmarking done by Jef Poskanzer we hit 5300 Ops per second.<br /><br />To put this into perceptive the best reach to date that was reported was 1500 Ops for that class of processor.<br /><br />The next day we showed up at MindCraft, the doors were locked, and there was no way to get a hold of them for a about a month.<br /><br />During those 4 weeks, Microsoft/ISS benchmarked against Linux/Apachi and the Microsoft numbers doubled to around 3400 Ops!!!<br /><br /><a href="http://www.kegel.com/mindcraft_redux.html">Dan Kegel mindcraft_redux</a><br /><br />The Specweb bench mark was unrealistic and unfair for many reasons.<br /><br />One was there were only a small number of TCP connections at any one time. usually well under 200 total. In the real world we would see 1000's of slow lingering connections.<br />But in the benchmark, these were a few connections, that were communicating over a high speed lan, so connections would start, send and quit very fast over gigabit Ethernet as compared to the real world of 56K modems and 1 minute to get a 100K file rather then some fraction of a second.<br /><br />Why is this so important. Because each connection in parallel uses resources. Many server had to have a Full copy or at least a process per connection.<br />500 connections = 500 copies of the server in memory at once.<br />Even if the OS was smart enough not to duplicate program images in Ram, the context switches between processes and number of open file descriptor will kill many OS's.<br /><br />Another unfair thing was Time Waits. When a TCP connection closes , the one who initiates the Close has to wait 2 to 5 Mintes to ensure the connection is fully complete.<br />In Unix these use up on MBUF or SKBUF(in Linux) approx 256 bytes. at 5000 ops per second * 60 second * 5 minutes, this added up really fast. 384 Megabytes of Ram spent on Closed connections!!!<br />In the real world, web servers were optimized to reduce these Time waits to 20 seconds or something a bit more manageable. But Microsoft changed there code to address the specweb benchmark deliberately, by just keeping a placeholder in Ram, so the timewaits would show up in netstat, but would consume a whole buffer. The Specweb rulles required this.<br /><br />In the Afterburner case, we didn't really use that much ram for keeping processing around or Disk Cache so it didn't really hurt us.<br />Also we had a real fix. We would pause after sending for .5 seconds and most of the time the web browsers would close the connections for us, the client PC's would get the timewaits. We were required to disable this feature during the benchmarks.<br /><br />In Early 2000 DVBS had gone public, the Brokerage house or someone involved in take us public was playing games and took a ton of money, killing the company in the process.<br /><br />With the closure of DVBS, Afterburners ownership had reverted back to me and had since been collecting dust.<br /><br />I gave a talk at BAFUG the Bay Area FreeBSD users group that meet a Whistle communications in Foster City some time in 2000.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.dnull.com/afterburner/terry.txt">Terry Lambert commented on it</a> with his own Kqueue experiments.<br /><br />So I am happy to be able to finally share this code with the world.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36504670.post-1161637115197094032006-10-23T13:41:00.000-07:002008-03-20T11:00:32.178-07:00Like a frog getting use to water until it gets so hot that it can not escape and dies, people are getting used to crappier and crappier software. Software so fraught with holes, viruses and other problems that it is barely workable. But they just haven't experience better so they just tolerate it.<br /><br />I am usually referring to Microsoft with these types of remarks, but installing some Linux distros is almost as bad. Cell phones, VOIP, Digital TV, Cars and just about anything with Digital in it these day seems to be going in this direction as companies try to push there prices down.<br />People are just accept BUG's and crappier functionality as part of life.<br /><br />But find that I just can't stand it.<br />Computers should boot in under 1 second, they used too.<br />I have servers that have been up for 7 years or more without updates, viruses, and crashes, or even reboots!!. <br />I have installed FreeBSD in 10 minutes without any problems.<br />I used to have Internet that never went down now it seems to daily.(Comcast)<br />Used to have analog cell phones that never drop calls and always had good sound quality.<br /><br />I liken in to going from the USA with nice clean toilets, and nice cars with paved roads and then spending time in India or south America. Where the electricity is only on 75% of the time, toilet paper is a luxury and people can't get gas for there cars so they don't go anywhere. And when you have gas, your dodging pot holes, Pigs, cows, dogs, monkeys, ox cars, on a drive through town.<br /><br />In India they just accept that things take a long time, and seldom get done right. That everything is screwed up and that is just how things are.<br /><br />Well I see everyone here in the US slowly getting accustom becoming a third world country in terms of quality of products and services and not even noticing. They just think that this is how things work and never question it.John Sokolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17719400170309249969noreply@blogger.com