Explosion protected not Flame proof

Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas, such as mines, refineries

2008-09-28T00:09:00.000-07:00

Domestic electrical equipment in British homes is made and tested to a British Standard. The aim of the testing is to ensure that the equipment is fairly robust and has no exposed parts that can cause harm to the user. No other protection is usually required in this case.

However, for example, in some domestic light switches you can see the arc inside when the switch is being operated, especially in the case of fluorescent lighting. In a chemical factory or refinery the electrical equipment obviously must be made to a much more robust industrial standard and designed not to create an ignition risk because of any explosive gases, vapours or dusts that might be present around the equipment.

The above industrial electrical equipment that is to be put into the hazardous area has to be conform to one of a set of detailed standards, parts of BS 60079 and in some cases, certified as meeting that standard. Independent test houses (known as Notified Bodies)are established in most European countries, and a certificate from any of these will be accepted across the EU. The DTI appoint and maintain a list of Notified Bodies within the UK, of which Sira and Baseefa are the most well known. All equipment certified for use in hazardous areas must be labelled to show the level of protection offered.

Note also that mechanical equipment can also create heat or sparks, and must also be certified for use in hazardous areas.

Contents
1 Zones (vapours & gases)
2 Zones (dusts)
3 Gas groups
4 Temperature classification
4.1 Auto-ignition temperatures (vapours & gases)
4.2 Auto-ignition temperatures (dust)
5 Type of protection
5.1 Multiple Protection
6 The 'IP' Code
6.1 Table of Reference
7 Hazardous Locations Classifications Descriptions - North American terms
8 Equipment category
9 Labelling
10 See also
//

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One of the leading manufacturers in the field Electrical equipments for Hazardous field (Coal / Oil) . Situated in Jharkhand state which is minerally richest in the country. Total products being dealt are approved by the Govt. Statutory bodies. Read more
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Company Profile
Basic Information
Company Name:
Safex (India)
Business Type:
Manufacturer
Product/Service:
Flameproof Electrical, Intrisic Safe Electricals, Lightfittings
Number of Employees:
11 - 50 People
Trade & Market
Main Markets:
Southeast Asia
Total Annual Sales Volume:
Above US$100 Million
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Intrinsically Safe Cell Phones

2008-09-27T01:25:00.000-07:00

Why be cut off from the world whenever you're in a hazardous area?
Have you ever considered investing in intrinsically safe cell phones?
Do you know that cell phones are one of the prime reasons why accidents happen in a potentially explosive atmosphere?
That's why their use is prohibited in most plants, but that does bring its problems with it. What do you do if you have to be accessible at all times? Run back to the office all the time?

The answer is much more simple: now you can purchase an explosion proof cell phone. The X.com intrinsically safe mobile phone and GPS is the first intrinsically safe mobile phone and GPS with an integrated acceleration sensor and GPS for providing dead man‘s alarm and location of workers in emergency situations. The robust housing offers a high level of stability and durability against shocks and is also dust tight and splash proof according to IP64.

The Ex-Handy 05 Intrinsically Safe Mobile Phone supports all 900/1800/1900 networks worldwide, so you can stay in touch no matter where you are. It is a stylish new phone with all the features that you would ever need.

The Ex-Handy 04 is a tri-band phone which can be used in most countries worldwide. It comes in a special anti-static pouch, and has Bluetooth and GPRS capabilities. It has been ATEX certified for use in zone 1.

Safe and robust - the Ex-GSM 01 explosion proof cell phone is a triband mobile phone that offers flexible communication - worldwide. With a ultra robust housing, the Ex-GSM 01 is protected from impact and splash water, and along with exchangeable covers that provide either GPS or RFID, this mobile phone provides an ideal solution for your Ex-area.

In noisy areas, you will appreciate the Ex-BT 300 Bluetooth headset, an I.S. headset which can be used in hazardous areas of up to zone 1 in conjunction with a Bluetooth enabled I.S. phone.
As an alternative, the Vib-Ex can be used, an external buzzer with flasher, which will alert you to any incoming calls.

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Caveat Emptor - Buyer Beware

2008-07-13T02:26:00.000-07:00

Recovery of castings for flameproof enclosures:

M- Seal or any filling compound is not permitted to block blow holes
Porosity in castings: impregnation with Silica based compound not permitted
more
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there are very few foundries in India that can assure defect free castings

to make matters worse, most in the Industry in India, are not equipped to do 100% hydraulic pressure testing

Protection concepts at a glance

2008-07-11T02:15:00.000-07:00

No arcs, sparks or hot surfaces
Increased safety - Exe - IEC 600079- 7
Non sparking - Exn - IEC 600079 - 15

Contain the explosion, quench the flame
Flameproof - Exd - IEC 600079-1
Enclosed break - ExnC - IEC 600079 - 15
Sand Filled -
Encapsulated -Exm - IEC 600079- 18

Limit the energy of sparks and surface temperature

Intrinsic Safety - Exi - IEC 600079-11

IEC 60079-7.

2008-07-10T07:04:00.000-07:00

Dear Members,

India has now adopted IEC standards as Indian Standards for all type of Ex protection. There has been some reservation by motor manufacturers regarding testing in explosive gas mixture required by IEC 60079-7.

My views on the subject are as under. 1. IEC 60079-7 calls for evaluation of Potential air gap sparking risk assessment for cage rotor ignition risk factor. If sum of the factors evaluated is greater than 5, the testing in explosive gas mixture is applicable.If we go through the risk factors, it is seen with proper design it should be possible to restrict risk factor to 5 thus test in explosive gas mixture will not be required.All stakeholders should appreciate that technocological developments reflected throgh international codes should facilitate better engineered products.2. IEC 60079-7 calls for evaluation of Potential stator winding discharge risk assessment for motors of rated voltage > 1.1 KV.If we go through the factors enlisted for risk assesment, it is seen that these parameters are user defined although Degree of Protection IP55 will help minimise overall risk factor score. Users will do well to restrict risk factor below 6 or ask for anti-condensation & purge facilitity as required by code to be provided by manufacturers for motors of voltage grade >1.1 KV & less than 6 KV.However, stator winding insulation system motors of voltage grade 6 KV & above are required to be tested in explosive gas mixture. This is nothing but akin to HV test in explosive gas mixture. This test can be performed by forming artificial enclosure by plastic sheet to hold explosive gas. Explosive gas mixture can be obtained either through premixed gas cylinders or mixed at site from cylinder. There is no risk of any bursting of motor as probably no explosion will occur, even if explosion occurs plastic sheet will burn as it happens during flame transmission test in case of Ex d enclosure testing. No big drawal of power is forseen as HV test consumes negligible power.3. Similar clauses are also there in IS/IEC 60079-15: 2005. I would request members to share their viewpoints & experience in the matter.

Regards
B K GUPTAMember- ET22, BIS- National Committee for Hazloc Equipments, INDIAExecutive Member- Indian Flameproof Manufacturer AssociationEx-PROTECTA/ TECEx Foundation www.exprotecta.com/ www.tecexfoundation.org

plastic enclosures

2008-07-10T07:02:00.000-07:00

Dear Members,

IEC 60079-0 specifies requirements to be met by plastic enclosures with specific reference to electostatic charge.Limit for the insulation resistance of plastic material should not exceed 1 G Ohm & surface area should not exceed 100cm2 for Group 1, 400cm2 for grup IIA & IIB and 100cm2 for group IIC with certain precautions.However, it is noted that almost all plastic material generally available without additives or surface treatment have surface insulation resistance of more than 1 G Ohm.

Secondally, hazloc equipments like control stations, luminaires & other equipments in plastic enclosure have surface area in excess of stipulation in IEC 60079-0.I am not sure, to what extent this endangers the hazloc installation.I feel that use of mettallic enclosures are much safer than non-mettallic enclosures not only due to ESD consideration but other consideration like mechanical strength, deterioration due to aging etc.Members are requested to express their views.RegardsB K GUPTAEx-PROTECTA/ TECEx FoundationMember- (ET22, BIS) National Committee for Hazloc equipments,INDIAExecutive Member- Indian Flameproof Manufacturers Association www.exprotecta.com/ www.tecexfoundation.org

ATEX 137: Employers obligations

2008-04-23T10:24:00.000-07:00

The employer has to ensure the safety of the employees in the plant where hazardous (inflammable) gases are present

The Employer must purchase reliable and safe Ex equipment
and maintain the Ex installation
for more read here

Indian Ex industry under threat from foreign competition

2008-04-08T02:34:00.000-07:00

to market Ex equipment in India today
you need:

Approval from DGMS for Group I apparatus
Approval from CCOE (preferred)
ISI Mark is not mandatory
CMRI has lost its teeth (approvals from other testing authorities is accepted in india)
DGFASLI approval not required

Heavy foreign competition from the big guns in Ex field expected within 3 years
The monopoly of Indian manufacturers in the 800 crore market in India will be destroyed

Quality Control of Ex equipment

2008-04-06T08:13:00.000-07:00

TESTING
go here

the reason for the gas station explosion at Sao Paolo Brazil

2008-04-04T11:42:00.000-07:00

go here

Explosion at Gas station Sao Paolo Brazil

2008-03-31T19:17:00.000-07:00

for video go here

Guide to Explosion Prevention Part 13

2008-03-24T15:19:00.000-07:00

What happens when you buy something that was never intended to be used in a hazardous area, but somehow someone somewhere got it certified, and this instrument causes an explosion?

Let me give you one concrete example where this scenario could have easily happened, and if it had, then the buyer/user would have had no recourse whatsoever against the supplier.Some of the local mines use PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) underground in an environment where methane can be present (and often is).

Any mine that falls under the jurisdiction of the DME needs to have a certificate from a local testing house for this type of equipment (even if it has already been approved for use in mining overseas).A few years ago, we came across a test report from a local testing house that had certified a normal off the shelf PDA for use in underground mining.I don't want it to look like we're slagging off competitors here or bringing the testing house into disrepute, so I will refrain from mentioning (brand) names here but if you have a requirement for PDAs for underground use and want to get to the bottom of this, please let me know as I will gladly share what I know.

Now, first of all - and apologies for the shameless plug that is to follow - it doesn't take a rocket scientist to estabish that a normal every day off the shelf PDA is not exactly suitable for use in a mining environment.What you want in such challenging environment is something that at the very least is rugged and robust, and protected against water and dust ingress. Something like this (cue shameless plug).

A normal PDA was never actually built for a harsh environment like a mine. It is not rugged and not protected against water or dust. That is apart from the whole 'explosion prevention' subject. I don't know of any manufacturer of off the shelf PDAs that act ually makes an explosion proof PDA.

Yet, here in South Africa, there is a PDA (big brand name!) that comes with a certificate from a local testing house.When we looked at the test report, we noticed a few major issues:
the Bluetooth function was not tested, and not covered by the test report, yet the test report does not impose any remedial action (to deactivate or disable the Bluetooth)
no drop test was carried out (!!!). According to the testing officer, this was done to spare the manufacturer the expense of breakages.

the instrument was only rated IP20 (!!!). Usually, in a mining environment, IP54 is considered a minimum requirement
the instrument poses an electrostatic hazard. Again, the test report does not impose any remedial action
the battery compartment was accessible to the user so could have been opened inside a hazardous area

All in all, because of the fact that all these limitations and restrictions were actually mentioned in the test report, the buyer would have had no recourse if, say, an explosion had occured due to 'static' generated by the PDA, or the user dropping and breaking the PDA in a hazardous area.When challenged, the testing officer did concede that in his opinion, the unit was not suited for use in a mining environment, but that the test report was meant to be a "guideline" for improvements to be made by the manufacturer.

My take on this is simple:Why issue a certificate if the unit is deemed unsuitable? Many people will take a certificate at face value and won't actually ask for a copy of the test report.If something were to have happened, the onus would have been squarely on the buyer or user, with no legal recourse against the supplier.

Last thing I heard about this saga is that the DME has now also stated that the unit in question is not suitable for use in mines.I don't want go into too much detail here so if you have a requirement for PDAs for use in mining and want to know the full story, please l et me know.

Otherwise, just see the above as an illustration of how it's perfectly possible to buy locally certified equipment that is actually totally unsuitable (and unsafe) and leaves you with no legal recourse if the unthinkable were to happen.

I've said it before and I'll say it again: check the certificates and test reports before you buy. Caveat emptor!

Kind regards,

Steven De Becker

SA Ex Instruments (Pty) Ltd info@saex.co.za Tel: 0861 00 SAEX www.saex.co.za

Disasters by Category

2008-03-24T07:43:00.000-07:00

The following is a list of selected accidents involving hazardous substances, arranged by category. The list is not comprehensive, but it does provide compelling evidence for the need for effective disaster prevention and response planning.

Please see below for information regarding the sources of data used in the list, and for the criteria of inclusion in the list. You can also view the list by disaster location or by date.

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Information on Indian Standards for Ex equipment

2008-03-24T07:16:00.000-07:00

go here

Paint spray booth safety

2008-03-15T19:37:00.000-07:00

go here

The painting booth is a hazardous area containing flammable solvent vapors in the booth

Ex equipment such as Ex lighting fittings must be used in this area
Determine the Gas group, the Zone classification
and use appropriate Ex equipment in this area

Enclosure Design

2008-03-11T19:41:00.000-07:00

1. SCOPE 2
2. REFERENCES 2
3. SERVICE CONDITIONS 3
4. APPLICATION 4
5. GENERAL REQUIRMENTS 4
5.1 Enclosure 4
5.2 Busbars 6
5.3 Wiring, Terminals and Markings 7
5.4 Safety Considerations and interlocks 7
6. MAJOR COMPONENTS 8
6.1 Circuit Breakers 8
6.2 Motors Controllers 10
6.3 Outing Feeders 12
7. AUXILIARY COMPONENTS 12
7.1 Motor Control Stations 12
7.2 Instruments 13
7.3 Protective Relays 13
7.4 Current Transformers 14
7.5 Voltage Transformers 14
7.6 Anti-condensation Heaters 15
7.7 Accessories 15
8. TESTS AND INSPECTION 16
9. SPARE PARTS 16
10. DOCUMANTATION 17
11. SHIPMENT 18
12. GUARANTEE 18

APPENDICES:

APPENDIX A LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR DATA SHEET 19
APPENDIX B ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OUTDOOR LOW VOLTAGE
SWITCHGEAR 21

http://igs.nigc.ir/igs/standard/IPS/el/M-EL-1431.DOC

min allowed thickness for enclosure for Exd equipment

2008-03-11T19:29:00.000-07:00

go here http://boiler-and-pressure-vessels.blogspot.com/2008/03/httpwww.html

points to note about ISO 60079-0 requirements

2008-03-11T03:08:00.000-07:00

4.2.2 for all Group II equipment T CLass must be marked

8.1.1 LM6 and other Aluminum alloys cannot be used for Group I equipment

8.1.2 Group II

Zone 0: LM6 etc not allowed

Zone 1: Mg 7.5 per cent max

- more to follow

Guidelines on the application of Directive 94/9/EC

2008-03-10T15:50:00.000-07:00

ANNEX 8

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE APPLICATION OF DIRECTIVE 94/9/EC INCLUDING THOSE CONCERNING THE ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Question 1:

A closed vessel (process vessel, storage tank etc.) contains volatile flammable liquid. The inside of the vessel should be classified as zone 0 generally, and the equipment inside the vessel - stirrer etc. - falls within the scope of 94/9/EC. The zone could be 1 or 2 as well. Now, assume that the surrounding of the vessel is unclassified area as a result of the construction of the vessel in steel, which functions as a barrier. Also, disregard apparatus such as a safety relief valve, which could lead to (partial) classification of the outside of the vessel.

Does such a vessel as a complete unit fall within the scope of 94/9/EC?

Example 1: Suppose ventilation ducts are transporting flammable mixtures sufficient to lead to classification of the interior of the ducts. The duct walls are constructed as barriers and isolate the potentially explosive atmosphere inside the duct from the surroundings. The surroundings of the duct thus are unclassified, and the duct is installed in an unclassified area.

Example 2: Petrol pumps at petrol filling stations are mainly surrounded by unclassified areas. However, the exterior is classified in the region of the nozzle boot. The interior is in part or entirely classified volume.

Example 3: A distillation tower distilling flammable liquids.

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2):

In general terms, to fall within the scope of directive 94/9/EC, the following conditions must be fulfilled:

a potentially explosive atmosphere must be present;
the atmosphere must consist of flammable substances mixed with air;
the atmosphere is under atmospheric conditions;
the product must have its own potential sources of ignition (see 4.1.2 a).
As the directive is a risk-related directive, a risk assessment has to be made related to the degree of the above mentioned conditions and if they constitute a dangerous explosion risk. In conjunction with the above conditions please see Table 2 on page 18 of the application guide to check if a product is within the scope of the directive:

1. Situation C - not in the scope of the directive

Example 1: situation C, remark (a) possible

Example 2: A petrol dispenser may be considered as an assembly within the scope of directive 94/9/EC, both if it is built of CE-marked and of non-CE-marked parts. It is a widely supported opinion that a CE marking for the whole equipment is in both cases necessary. When assembling a petrol dispenser a manufacturer may use only CE-marked parts. In this case only additional hazards due to the fact that such parts are connected have to be assessed for the CE-marking of the entire dispenser. In case a manufacturer uses partly or fully non-CE-marked products for the assembly an assessment of the whole assembly has to be done.

Example 3: perhaps situation C, but to answer properly more information would be required.

Question 2:

Is an apparatus, which contains explosive atmospheres inside but is not surrounded by explosive atmospheres inside the scope of the directive 94/9/EC?

In addition, there are questions from manufacturers and Notified Bodies about the classification of equipment-groups into categories. If e.g. an apparatus is used in areas in which explosive atmospheres are likely or unlikely to occur or even do not occur but inside the apparatus under normal operating conditions an explosive atmosphere (for example air/dust mixtures in crushing mills, dryers, dust separators) is always present.

Which conformity assessment procedure for which category is to be used in such cases? For choosing the right procedure is it important to attend to the atmosphere around the apparatus? The confusion in this case comes from the heading in the directive "intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres".

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2):

Situation C, if apparatus has its own ignition source

Situation E, if apparatus has no ignition source

E.g. A vessel, which is not surrounded by a potentially explosive atmosphere but has a potentially explosive atmosphere inside is, in general, not in the scope of the directive. Nevertheless, all the equipment inside the vessel with own sources of ignition is inside the scope of the directive

Question 3:

We understand from the definitions of potentially explosive atmospheres and atmospheric conditions that a process vessel operating under other than atmospheric conditions is not covered by 94/9/EC. However, process vessels for chemical reactions are frequently operating with a pressure of several atmospheres. Also in storage tanks for liquefied gas the pressure normally is several atmospheres.

Answer (see as well chapter 4.1.2 and 4.3):

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Caveat Emptor! - Goof ups by the premier certifying authority in India

2008-03-09T10:56:00.000-07:00

The certifying body has certified the following drawings:
1. class of fit (g6H6) not specified for cable entry
2. Temperature class for a lighting fitting was certified as T6
3, a manufacturer failed to specify the temperature class for a lighting fitting, yet it was certified

lott more goof ups have taken place

Exporters to USA and EU: CAUTION !

2008-02-17T19:56:00.000-08:00

If you are exporting
1. Make sure you are a limited company with limited liability
2. Take Product Liability Insurance

The western world is sue happy
They sue at the drop of a hat

SXD
TQMC

where to purchase the Ex standards from

2008-01-29T22:08:00.000-08:00

ATEX European Directives regarding Ex http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/atex/index.htm
kelpbr

CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Members and affiliates addresses http://www.cenelec.org/info/sales.htm

hazloc2002
Global HazLoc certification documents Identification of HazLoc certification documents used around the globe. http://www.ul.com/hazloc/refdoc.htm

ul_hazloc_ga...
IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission Search and buy standards https://domino.iec.ch/webstore/home.nsf/webstore_search.htm?OpenPage

hazloc2002
ISA - The Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society Ex related standards http://www.isa.org/Template.cfm?Section=Electrical_System_Safety2&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=8&ContentID=9526
hazloc2002
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association Catalog on line http://catalog.nfpa.org
hazloc2002

The Energy Institute Publications for the Oil & Gas sector. http://www.petroleum.co.uk/index.cfm?PageID=691

hazloc2002
UL - Underwriters Laboratories (USA) News, prices and scopes of all UL standards http://ulstandardsinfonet.ul.com/
kelpbr

Type Exe & Exn equipments may look alike but there are many differences

2008-01-29T21:56:00.000-08:00

Dear Murali,

Type Exe & Exn equipments may look alike but there are many differences between Type Exe & Exn equipments. Best way to understand the difference shall be to go through Codes for these types of protection ie IEC60079-7 for Exe & IEC 60079-15 for Exn read with IEC 60079-0.

However prima facie salient points are as under:
1. Temperature Classification for Exe equipments depends on internal components and there are many riders on type of components you can use inside Type Exe enclosure/ as part of Ex equipments.

2. Type Exn is a compilation of several sub divisions like Restricted Breathing (Ex nR), Limited Energy (Ex nL) etc. Construction & Test requirements vary depending on sub divisions.

3. Type Exe is suitable for Zone 1 & Zone 2, whereas Exn is suitable for Zone 2 only.

4. If we take an example of Ex nR luminaire, the T class will be based on external temperature of enclosure, thus luminaires for High Wattage HID lamps are possible. However Luminaires for High Wattage HID lamps are not possible as T class is based on Lamp temperature inside enclosure.

Hope this is useful. However, reading of Codes is must for exhaustive knowledge.

Regards
B K GUPTA
Ex-PROTECTA/ TECEX Foundation - INDIA http://www.exprotecta.com/ / http://www.tecexfoundation.org/

a letter from HAZLOC Yahoo group
see bottom of this page to join

Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas

2008-01-22T03:33:00.000-08:00

IEC 60079-17 (2002-07) Ed. 3.0 - HIGHLIGHT !

Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres
- Part 17: Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines)

This International Standard is intended to be applied by users, and covers factors directly related to the inspection and maintenance of electrical installations within hazardous areas only. It does not include conventional requirements for electrical installations, nor the testing and certification of electrical apparatus. It does not cover Group I apparatus (applications for mines susceptible to firedamp). It does not cover the alternative of "Continuous supervision by skilled personnel".Experts from IEC subcommittee 31J (Classification of hazardous areas and installation requirements) explain that "this International Standard can be used as a basis for preparing maintenance manuals for industries that operate within a hazardous environment through the use of electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres."ICS code: 29.260.20 - SC 31J - 49pp. - CHF 95,00 for single user and CHF 123,50 for a three-user network license

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Salient Features of ISO/IEC 60079-1: 2007

2008-01-22T03:16:00.000-08:00

TO BE NOTED
5.1 The surfaces of joints may be protected against corrosion
5.2.2 The average surface roughness Ra must not exceed 6.3 micron
5.3 Threaded Joints
Required 6g6H fit
the threads in the threaded joint must also have surface finsih better than or equal to 6.3 micron

GENERAL
ISO/IEC 60079-0 must be complied also

Tongue in groove joint is not an approved joint

New Marking requirements specified
for Cable Glands and Blanking plugs refer Annexure C

the liner bush connecting one compartment with the other cannot be made using moulded GFN as it will fail in the pressure test

ISO/IEC 60079-0 requirements must also be complied with:

clearance and creepage requirements
capacitance not to exceed the values shown in table
marking of cable entries
instruction booklet for operation and maintenance
other requirements

Part 1 of BS EN 60079 contains specific requirements for the construction and testing of electrical equipment with the type of protection flameproof enclosure “d”, intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres.
BS EN 60079-1 supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0.

Full content list - BS EN 60079-1 (including Scope)
Contents of BS EN 60079-1 include:
Terms and definitionsEquipment grouping and temperature classificationFlameproof jointsThreaded and non-threaded jointsGaskets (including O-rings)Mechanical strengthWidth of cemented jointsOperating rodsSupplementary requirements for shafts and bearingsJoints of shaftsBearingsLight-transmitting partsBreathing and draining devices which form part of a flameproof enclosureOpenings for breathing or drainingComposition limitsDimensionsElements with measurable pathsElements with non-measurable pathsRemovable devicesMounting arrangements of the elementsMechanical strengthBreathing devices and draining devices when used as Ex componentsFasteners, associated holes and blanking elementsMaterials and mechanical strength of enclosuresCable glandsConduit sealing devicesPlugs and sockets and cable couplersBushingsVerification and testsTests of flameproof enclosures with breathing and draining devicesSwitchgear

Bibliographic Detail
Standard Number
BS EN 60079-1:2007
Title
Explosive atmospheres. Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures "d"
Cross References
IEC 60061, IEC 60079-0:2004, IEC 60079-1-1, IEC 60079-7, IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-14:2002, IEC 60086-1:2000, IEC 60112, IEC 60127, IEC 60529:1989, IEC 60623:2001, IEC 60662:1980, IEC 60695-11-10, IEC 61951-1:2003, IEC 61951-2:2003, ISO 185:1988, ISO 965-1:1998, ISO 965-3:1998, ISO 2738:1999, ISO 3864: 1984, ISO 4003:1977, ISO 4022:1987, ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983, EN 60061, EN 60079-0:2006, EN 60079-7:2007, EN 60079-11:2007, EN 60079-14:2003, EN 60086-1:2001, EN 60112:2003, EN 60127, EN 60529:1991, EN 60529:1991/CORR1:1993, EN 60623:2001, EN 60662:1993, EN 60695-11-10:1999, EN 61951-1:2003, EN 61951-2:2003, EN ISO 2738:1999, EN 24003:1993, EN ISO 4022:2006
Replaces
BS EN 60079-1:2004, Replaces BS EN 60079-1:2004 which remains current

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